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Yapıların deprem davranışlarının belirlenmesi, deprem mühendisliği alanında günümüzde oldukça önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Yapı sisteminin bütününün ve/veya yapısal elemanların deprem sırasında nasıl davranacağı uygun deneysel yöntemler ile önceden belirlenebilir. Bu amaçla kullanılan pek çok deneysel yöntem mevcuttur. Bunlardan biri sarsma tablası deneyleridir. Sarsma tablası deneyleri gerçek dinamik yüklemelerdir. Bu çalışmada, 15 katlı olan ve köşelerinde sadece bir yönde perde bulunan bir yapı modeli incelenmiştir. Kullanım amacı işyeri olarak planlanan yapının geriye kalan taşıyıcı elemanları kolonlardan ve çerçeve kirişlerinden oluşmaktadır. Maket yapıda kolon ve kiriş elemanlarının malzemesi kavak ağacından, perde elemanlarının malzemesi ise huş ağacından oluşmaktadır. Elemanlar bu malzemelerden üretilmiş olan çıtalar ve levhalar kullanılarak inşa edilmiştir. Yapının 1/100 ölçekli bir maketi yapılarak sarsma tablasına yerleştirilmiştir. Sarsma tablasına yerleştirilen yapı maketi, harmonik harekete maruz bırakılmıştır. Harmonik hareketinin frekansı kademeli olarak artırılarak üç farklı yer hareketi verilmiş, çok katlı yapı maketinde saniyelik ivme kaydı alınmıştır. Üç farklı depreme ait mevcut kayıtlı ivme değerleri uygulanarak, ağırlıklı ve ağırlıksız olarak yapının dinamik karakteristikleri elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Maket yapının doğal frekansını elde etmek için serbest titreşim uygulanmış olup, SiesmoSignal programı kullanılmak suretiyle belirlenen ivme zaman kayıtları filtrelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmanın yanı sıra, yapı Sap2000 programında modellenmiş ve Zaman Tanım Alanında Hesap Yöntemi kullanılarak dinamik analizleri yapılmıştır. Sarsma tablası deney sonuçları, Sap2000 programı ile yapılan dinamik analiz sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak ağırlıksız yapının sonuç kıyaslamasında sarsma tablası deneylerinden elde edilen sonuçlar ile Sap2000 programında yapılan dinamik analiz sonuçları arasında yaklaşık %25’lik fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ağırlıklı yapıda ise bu farkın yaklaşık %50 olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan, her iki durumda da, deneysel çalışma ve Sap2000 analiz sonuçlarına bakılınca, periyot değerlerinin çok yakın çıktığı anlaşılmaktadır.
The determination of the earthquake behavior of the buildings holds a very important place in the field of earthquake engineering today. It can be predetermined by appropriate experimental methods to determine how the whole building system and/or structural elements will behave during the earthquake. There are many experimental methods used for this purpose. One of these is the scratch table experiments. The shock board experiments are real dynamic loads. In this study, a construction model, which is 15 floors and has a curtain in only one direction in its corners, was studied. The remaining carrier elements of the planned structure as the workplace of the purpose of use are composed of columns and frame curtains. In the Maket structure; the material of the colon and the curvature elements is made up of a curvature tree, and the material of the curvature elements is made up of a curvature tree. The elements were built using the leaves and leaves that were made from these materials. A 1/100 scale of the structure is placed on the shrimp table. The structure maket placed on the shock table is exposed to harmonic movement. The frequency of the harmonic movement has been gradually increased and three different ground movements have been given, the multi-storey structure has recorded the momentum of the second. By applying the existing recorded vibration values of three different earthquakes, we have been trying to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the structure weightlessly and weightlessly. Free vibration has been applied to obtain the natural frequency of the macet structure, and the vibration time records determined by the use of the SiesmoSignal program have been filtered. In addition to the experimental study, the structure was modeled in the Sap2000 program and dynamic analyses were made using the Accounting Method in the Time Detection Area. The scratch table test results are compared with the dynamic analysis results made with the Sap2000 program. As a result, the comparison of the results of the non-weight structure found that there was about 25% difference between the results obtained from the shock table experiments and the results of the dynamic analysis in the Sap2000 program. In the weight structure, the difference was about 50%. On the other hand, in both cases, considering the results of the experimental study and the Sap2000 analysis, it is clear that the periodic values are very close.
Determination of the earthquake behavior of buildings has an important place in the field of earthquake engineering today. The behavior of the whole structural system and/or structural elements during an earthquake can be determined in advance by appropriate experimental methods. There are many experimental methods used for this purpose. One of them is shake table experiments. Shake table experiments; are real dynamic loads. In this study, a 15-storey building model with curtains in only one direction at the corners was examined. The rest of the carrier elements of the building, which is planned as a workplace for the purpose of use, consist of columns and frame beams. In model structure; The material of column and beam elements is poplar wood, and the material of curtain elements is birch. Elements are constructed using laths and plates made of these materials. A 1/100 scale model of the building was made and placed on the shaking table. The building model placed on the shaking table was subjected to harmonic motion. By gradually increasing the frequency of the harmonic motion, three different ground motions were given, and the acceleration per second was recorded in the multi-storey building model. By applying the current recorded acceleration values for three different earthquakes, the dynamic characteristics of the structure were tried to be obtained, weighted and unweighted. In order to obtain the natural frequency of the model structure, free vibration was applied, and the acceleration time records determined by using the SiesmoSignal program were filtered. In addition to the experimental study, the structure was modeled in the Sap2000 program and dynamic analysis was performed using the Time Domain Calculation Method. Shake table test results were compared with dynamic analysis results made with Sap2000 program. As a result, it was determined that there is approximately 25% difference between the results obtained from the shaking table tests and the results of the dynamic analysis made in the Sap2000 program in the result comparison of the unweighted structure. In the weighted structure, this difference was found to be approximately 50%. On the other hand, when we look at the experimental study and Sap2000 analysis results in both cases, it is understood that the period values are very close.
Field : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Mühendislik
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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