Özet:

Purpose - The purpose of the study is to identify strategic groups and to explore the relationships between strategic group membership and performance. Method - The research was carried out in the Turkish banking sector in a way that covers the years 2006-2015. In the framework of the study, first, the strategic time periods that expressed the time intervals in the strategic behavior of the banks were identified and the strategic groups in the sector were identified in each period, then the performance of the banks was measured by four performance variables – ROA, ROE, profits per branch and profits per staff, and the group membership-performance relationships were studied. In this regard, the accumulation analysis for the determination of strategic groups, the one-way variance analysis (ANOVA), Mann Whitney-U and Kruskall Wallis tests were used for the testing of hypotheses. All analyses were performed with the SPSS package program and interpreted at a 95% confidence level. The findings showed significant performance differences between both strategic groups and between banks within the same strategic group. But the differences between groups are significantly greater than the differences between groups. Finally, the change in group membership has negatively affected the performance of the banks. However, this result is not statistically meaningful. The concept of strategic group, "Why do some companies perform better than others?" It has gained a new level of analysis to the question and has become one of the most important explanators of the company’s performance. Research findings have shown that strategic group membership affects the company’s performance. However, the findings have shown that the recommendations of the theory of industrial organization are valid in the banking sector. In other words, the strategic group membership has been more effective than the specific factors for the company in the explanation of the performance differences between companies.

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