Özet:

The study, which included four groups of growing young pigs (each consisting of 30 animals), was arranged under conditions of the Bryansk meat-processing plant and laboratories of the Ernst Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry. The duration of the experiment was 113 days. Animals of the group 1 (control) were fed with the SK-4, SK-5 and SK-6 mixed fodders without any probiotic additives. The Groups 2 and 3 were fed by a mixed fodder supplemented with the Enzymesporin probiotic (0.5 and 1.0 kg t1, respectively). The Group 4 was fed by a mixed fodder supplemented with the Virginiamycin antibiotic (250 g t-1). The feeding of different concentrations of the Enzymesporin probiotic complex and Virginiamycin antibiotic to the growing young pigs of the experimental Groups 2, 3, and 4 provided the average daily liveweight gain equal to 771.4, 775.4, and 818.8 g (5.8, 6.5, and 12.2%), respectively, as compared to the control. Addition of different dosages of the probiotic complex or the antibiotic to the fodder fed to the growing young pigs (Groups 2, 3, and 4) did not result in a significant increase in the lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum and the phagocytic activity, though a tendency to the phagocytic index increase was observed. Addition of the probiotic complex to forage did not provide any negative impact on the intestinal microbiocoenosis; moreover, it positively influenced on the growth of lactobacteria. Keywords: Growing young pigs; Weight gain; Probiotics; Antibiotics; Resistance; Microflora References Fuller R., Gibson G.R. (1998). Probiotics and prebiotics: Microtlora management for improved gut health. Clin. Microbiol. Infect, 4, 477-480. Gamko, L.N., Sidorov I.I., Talyzina T.L., Chernenok Yu.N. (2005). Probiotiki na smeny antibiotikam: monografia (Probiotics to replace antibiotics: a monograph). Bryansk (in Russian). Gusev I.V., Gimadeeva L.S., Pokrovskaya M.V., Rykov R.A. (2014). Content of mineral matter in the blood of pigs of different technological groups. Svinovodstvo, 8, 22–24 (in Russian). Laptev G.Yu., Provorov E.L., Golovleva G.S. (2004). Enzymatic thermostable antibiotic. Zhivotnovod dlya vseh, 4, 78 (in Russian). Li H., Liang T., Chu Q., Xu F., Li Y., Lingling F., Zhou B. (2017). Effects of several in-feed antibiotic combinations on the abundance and diversity of fecal microbes in weaned pigs. Can. J. Microbiol, 63(5). DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0681. Nekrasov R.V., Makhaev E.A., Vinogradov V.N., Ushakova N.A. (2010). Sistema kormleniya svinei na dorashchivanii i otkorme s ispol’zovanoev pro- i prebiotikov (System of pig feeding at the growing and fattening stages using pro- and prebiotics). Dubrovitsy: L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry Press Russian). Panin A.N., Malik N.I. (2009). Study of antagonistic properties of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis towards acidophilic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus. Veterinarniy vrach, 6, 13-16 (in Russian). Roselli M., Pieper R., Rogel-Gaillard C., Smidt H., Lauridsen C. (2017). Immunomodulating effects of probiotics for microbiota modulation, gut health and disease resistance in pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 233, 104-119. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.07.011/. Stewart L.L., Kim B.G., Gramm B.R., Nimmo R., Stein H.H. (2010). Effect of virginiamycin on the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids by growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci, 88(5), 1718-1724. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2063. Tarakanov B.V. (2003). Current state and prospects for the use of probiotics in animal husbandry. In: Problems of feeding of agricultural animals under modern conditions of the animal husbandry development. Dubrovitsy: L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry Press (in Russian). Tellez G., Latorre J.D. (2017). Alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters and their impact in gut microbiota, health and disease. Front. Vet. Sci, 4. Article ID 196. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00196. Ushakova N.A., Voznesenskaya V.V., Kozlova A.A., Nifatov A.V., Samoilenko V.A. et al. (2010). Release of a somatostatin-like peptide by cells of Bacillus subtilis B-8130, an intestinal symbiont of the wild bird Tetrao urogallus: The influence of the bacillus on the animal. Dokl. Biol. Sci, 434(1), 328-331.

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