Özet:

This article discusses the ingredients of constructivist approach within a globalization framework, including the changing life standards, family structures, social values, and attitudes that resulted in the inreasing interest in human rights, multiculturalism, diversity of groups of people,- cultural-diversity, spirituality and the reflections of them to the fields of counseling and psychotherapy in the postmodern era. The changing needs of people and communities as well as the conceptual changes and developments in the field of counseling, were summarized. Further, instead of individualist therapies, quantitative measures, conscious behavior, and objective reality, tacit experiences, therapies concerned with social and cultural context and subjectivism were acknowledged in the 21st century context. The inadequacy of existing theories and methodologies in meeting the changing needs of the people and communities which resulted in a need of a metatheory for meeting the differentiated needs of people in the postmodern era were explicated and constructivism in which new forms of counseling and psychotherapy were involved was claimed to be the metatheory to meet such a need.

Anahtar Kelimeler: