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Ekonomik özgürlüklerin ekonomik büyüme ve insani gelişme üzerine olan etkileri sıklıkla araştırılan konulardan birisidir. Bireylerin iktisadi davranış ve faaliyetlerine herhangi bir sınırlama getirilmemesini savunan ekonomik özgürlüklerin ülkelerin ekonomik ve sosyal refahını artırdığı ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ekonomik özgürlüklerin refah göstergelerinden insani gelişmişlik üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Visegrad Dörtlüsü olarak ta nitelendirilen Çekya, Macaristan, Slovakya ve Polonya ülkelerinde 1995-2014 yılları arası veriler kullanılarak dengeli panel veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada insani gelişmişlik göstergesi olarak UNDP tarafından yayınlanan İnsani Gelişme Endeksi ve ekonomik özgürlük göstergeleri olarak ta Heritage Foundation tarafından yayınlanan Ekonomik Özgürlük Endeksi ve alt endekslerinden Parasal Özgürlük Endeksi ve Mülkiyet Hakları Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol değişkenleri olarak ta kamu sağlık harcamalarının GSYİH içindeki payı, kamu eğitim harcamalarının GSYİH içindeki payı ve enflasyon oranı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Visegrad ülkelerinde ekonomik özgürlüklerin insani gelişmişlik seviyesini olumlu yönde etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
The impact of economic freedoms on economic growth and human development is one of the frequently studied topics. Economic freedoms, which defend that no restrictions are imposed on the economic behavior and activities of individuals, are said to increase the economic and social well-being of the countries. This study examines the impact of economic freedoms on human development from the indicators of prosperity. In this framework, a balanced panel data analysis was carried out in the countries of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland, which were referred to as the Visegrad Quarter, using data from 1995 to 2014. The study used the Human Development Index and Heritage Foundation’s Economic Freedom Index and the Financial Freedom Index and Property Rights Index as an indicator of human development published by UNDP. The control variables are the share of public health expenditure in GDP, the share of public education expenditure in GDP and the inflation rate. The study found that economic freedoms in the Visegrad countries have a positive impact on the level of human development.
The effects of economic freedoms on concepts such as economic growth and human development are frequently investigated. It is stated that economic freedoms that advocate that individuals are not restricted to their economic behaviors and activities increase the economic and social welfare of countries. In this study, the effects of economic freedoms on welfare indicators and human development are investigated. In this context, balanced panel data analysis was performed by using data from Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland between 1995 and 2014 as Visegrad Quartet. In the study, the Human Development Index published by UNDP and the Economic Freedom Index and sub-indices published by the Heritage Foundation as indicators of economic freedom were used as indicators of human development. As a control variable, the share of public health expenditures in GDP, the share of public education expenditures in GDP and the rate of inflation were used. In the study, it was found that economic freedoms have a positive effect on the level of human development in Visegrad countries.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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