Özet:

When it is mentioned the miḥna in the history of Islam, the practices made during the period of the ʿAbbasid Caliph al-Maʾmun come to mind in the context of the discussions of Khalq al-Qurʾān. However, in the following periods, similar practices were made by Hanbalis to other sect members. There are many examples of these practices that can be expressed as “counter-mihna” in Islamic history. This article includes three counter-miḥna applications. The first of these is the Ibn ʿAqīl miḥna that the Ḥanbalis applied to Ibn ʿAqīl in Baghdad, the capital of the ʿAbbasids in the fifth century. The second is the counter-mihna applied to Ashʿarīte Abū Naṣr al-Ḳus̲h̲ayrī which lives in the same period and in the same city. The third is the pressures that the Hanbelî members have applied to Ashʿarīte al-‘Izz Ibn ‘Abd al-Salām who lived in Damascus, one of the important scientific centers of Ayyubids and the Mamlūks. The article focused on how the Ḥanbalis uses the subject of Khalq al-Qurʾān in the counter-mihna process by keeping the subject alive and government-scholars relations influence the relationship between Hanbali - Ashʿarīte relations during the practices.

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