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Türkiye ile İran arasındaki uluslararası sınır hattı ve yakın çevresinin hidropolitik perspektiften değerlendirmesinin yapıldığı bu çalışmada, sahanın su kaynaklarının devletler muvazenesinde ilişkilerin geleceği açısından önem arz eden yönlerinin ve potansiyel risk alanlarının belirlenerek erken farkındalık sağlayıp uygun stratejiler belirlenme imkânlarının yaratılması hedeflenmiştir. Uluslararası antlaşmalar ve literatür ışığında mevcut durumda su kaynaklarının tasarrufuna dair vaziyet izah edilerek, standart klimatik veriler üzerinden her iki ülke topraklarını da içerisine alan ortalama bir akış dağılışı ortaya konmuştur. Bu işlem için Thornthwaite su bilançosu hesaplama yöntemi ile 36 yıllık CFSR sıcaklık ve yağış verilerinden istifade edilmiştir. Sahanın SRTM 90m çözünürlüklü sayısal yükselti modeline dayanan topografik verilerle birlikte ArcGis 10.5 paket programı yardımıyla analitik değerlendirmesi yapılan bu veri setleri sayesinden nesnel ve ortalama bir akış durumu tespiti yapılmıştır. Buna göre, sahanın daha ziyade İran tarafında hacim kazanan nüfus yoğunluğu, zirai faaliyetler ve kuraklık gibi sarfiyat artırıcı durumların bölgedeki su kaynaklarına olan talebi özellikle aşağı çığırlarında çoğaltacağı Aşağı Karasu, Sarısu, Kotur Çayı ve Nazlıçay gibi akarsuların iki ülke arasındaki paylaşımının İran’ın daha fazla su talebi neticesinde yeniden gündeme getirilerek mevcut durumda hakça ve makul kullanım ilkelerine göre olan paylaşımı tehlikeye sokabileceği anlaşılmaktadır.
In this study, where the international border line between Turkey and Iran and the nearby environment are evaluated from a hydropolitical perspective, the aim of the water resources of the land is to provide early awareness and create opportunities for the determination of appropriate strategies by determining the aspects of importance in the future of relations and potential risks. In the light of international treaties and literature, the importance of water savings in the current situation has been explained, and the standard climate data have revealed an average flow distribution within the territory of both countries. The Thornthwaite water balance calculation method for this process is based on 36-year CFSR temperature and rainfall data. With topographic data based on the SRTM 90m resolution number upgrade model, this data set was analytical assessed with the help of the ArcGis 10.5 package program, and an objective and average flow status was identified. According to this, it is clear that the demand for the water resources in the region, such as the population intensity gaining volume on the Iranian side, the harsh activities and the drought, will be multiplied, especially in the lower waters; it is clear that the sharing of the flow between the two countries, such as Low Karasu, Sarısu, Kotur Tea and Nazlıçay, can be reorganized as a result of Iran's more water demand, and the sharing in the current situation, according to the principles of fair and reasonable use, can be threatened.
This study, which addressed the international border line between Turkey and Iran and its close vicinity from the hydro political perspective, aimed to generate early awareness by identifying the aspects of water and water resources in the region that will be crucial in terms of the future equilibrium of countries and relevant and potential risk areas in order to determine appropriate strategies. The study explored the current position regarding the ownership of the water resources in the light of international treaties and the literature and presented the average flow distribution including the territory of both countries on the basis of standard climatic data. For this process, 36-year CFSR temperature and precipitation data were utilized with the Thornthwaite water balance sheet calculation method. The data analytically evaluated with the help of topographic data based on the SRTM 90m resolution digital elevation model and ArcGis 10.5 package program were used to determine the objective and average flow condition of the area. Accordingly, it is expected that the demand for water resources will increase in the region especially in the lower courses, as the population density and the volume of agricultural activities and drought increase on the Iranian side and that the sharing of the streams between the two countries, such as Aşağı Karasu, Sarısu, Kotur Creek and Nazlı Creek, can be put on the agenda again due to Iran's demand for more water and may endanger sharing the water resources based on principles of fair and reasonable use.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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