Özet:

The historical course of the Afghan press has been the scene of downward outgoing processes, as well as political history. The press activity has been influenced by political changes and transformations in almost every period. In Afghanistan, where journalistic activities began in the second half of the 19th century, the activities of Seyyid Cemâleddin Efgani and Mahmud Terzi have had a leading identity in the field of press-publication. The first newspapers that began to be published in Afghanistan were under state control, as in many other countries. This study discusses the historical development of the press in Afghanistan. The data obtained as a result of the scan of literature identified the newspapers published in Afghanistan and they were grouped among themselves, taking into account the periods in which these newspapers were published. With regard to the political processes in which the newspapers are published, the objectives of the publication of the newspapers and the mission assigned to the newspapers have been tried to be identified. From the British invasion period to the Soviet occupation process and over a hundred years after the occupation to the Taliban period, the process focused on significant developments in the field of the press and the influence of the leading press-media bodies. When the publications are reviewed, it is seen that the press is sometimes released in Afghanistan while mostly under pressure. The monarchist governments used the press as a propaganda tool to legitimate their governments. With the establishment of political parties, the journals were charged with the mission of being the broadcasting body of political organizations. With the Soviet occupation, the conflicts between the Soviet-backed regime and the resistant groups began to be seen in the press field. The newspapers in the process represented two opposite poles.

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