Özet:

One of the foundation types of which the largest numbers of pious foundations were established in the history of waqf is water foundations. It is known that all kinds of services related to water, which are considered among the municipal services today, were provided through pious foundations at that time. In many of the foundations established for this purpose by high-ranking people such as Sultans, Lady Sultans, Pashas and other benefactors, many structures have been built at every stage of the water process from its source to being made available to people. Waterways, canals, wells, maksems, charis, kastels, fountains, water scales, water treasuries, fountains, stone tanks (e.i. musluk) and similar water structures built for the daily water needs of people were generally defined in foundation charters such as sikâye, sâkiye, ebniye-i mâ and ebniye-i sikâye. In this study, among these structures, the elements defined as “tap” (e.i. musluk) in the foundation charters, where water meets people and from where people receive direct service, which has not been extensively studied until now are included. First of all, the importance of water in established foundations, the factors underlying the establishment of water foundations and the meanings of the term “tap” in foundation charters are expressed with examples. It has been determined that the term “tap” is used in more than one sense; therefore, is grouped into four main headings. It was figured out that the most interesting and the least studied ones of these are the special types of taps defined by the term “stone tank, (taş tekne)” or “stone tap (taş musluk)”. In the site survey, the stone taps in Istanbul, where the examples with the most foundation charter records do exist, were tried to be identified through the records, and the examples matching the records in the site were examined in terms of originality, form, material and ornamental features.

Anahtar Kelimeler: