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ÖZET Eski Mezopotamya coğrafyasının önemli devletlerinden olan Yeni Asur Devleti askeri ekonomiyi temel alan bir yapıya sahipti. Ülke içerisindeki maden rezervleri, tarımsal potansiyeli, tekstil ürünleri ve hayvan popülasyonu kendine yetecek durumda değildi. Bu sorun ihtiyaçların büyük bir bölümünün gerçekleştirilen askeri seferlerden edinilmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu zorunluluktan hareketle Yeni Asur Devleti sömürü politikasını ön planda tutmuş ve ekonomisini büyük ölçüde askeri gücüyle kalkındırmıştır. Esir olarak alınan insanlardan madenlere kadar pek çok kalemin oluşturduğu ganimetlerin önemli bir kısmını da çeşitli hayvanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu hayvanların en önemlilerini koyunlar, sığırlar, develer, katırlar ve atlar oluşturmaktaydı. Geniş bir coğrafyaya hükmeden Yeni Asur Devleti gerek ele geçirdiği yeni topraklardan gerekse de yıllık sefer organizasyonları sırasında yağmaya tabi tuttuğu topraklardan ganimet aldığı hayvanlarla hem ekonomisini güçlendirmekte hem de ordusunun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmekteydi. Bu çalışmada çivi yazılı metinlerden elde edilen bilgilerden harekeyle Yeni Asur Devleti’nin askeri seferleri, bu seferlerden elde ettiği ganimetler içerisinde hayvanların yeri ve bu hayvanların Asur ekonomisi açısından önemi hakkında tespit ve değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.
The New Asyrian State, one of the important states of the ancient Mesopotamia geography, had a structure that was based on the military economy. The country’s mining reserves, agricultural potential, textile products and animal populations were not sufficient. This problem has made it compulsory that a large portion of the needs are acquired from the carried out military flights. With this obligation, the New Asyrian State has put its exploitation policy in the forefront and has largely developed its economy with its military power. From the people taken as prisoners to the mines, a large portion of the creatures made by a pen is also made up of various animals. The most important of these animals were cattle, cattle, sheep, catars and horses. The New Asyrian State, which ruled a wide geography, was able to strengthen its economy and meet the needs of its army with the animals that they had received from the land that they had been hunted during their annual flight organizations. In this study, the information obtained from the nail-written texts, the military flights of the New Asyrian State, the flights obtained from these times, have been identified and evaluated on the place of the animals and the importance of these animals in terms of the Asyrian economy.
ABSTRACT The Neo-Assyrian State, one of the important states of the ancient Mesopotamian geography, had a structure based on military economy. The mineral reserves, agricultural potential, textile products and animal population in the country were not self-sufficient. This problem necessitated the acquisition of most of the needs from the military campaigns. Based on this necessity, the Neo-Assyrian State prioritized the policy of exploitation and developed its economy largely with its military power. Various animals constitute an important part of the loot, which is formed by many items from people taken as captives to mines. The most important of these animals were sheep, cattle, camels, mules and horses. The Neo-Assyrian State, which ruled over a wide geography, was able to both strengthen its economy and meet the needs of its army with the animals it took as loot from the new lands it seized and the lands it plundered during the annual campaign organizations. In this study, based on the information obtained from the cuneiform texts, determinations and evaluations were made about the military campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian State, the place of animals in the loot obtained from these campaigns, and the importance of these animals in terms of Neo-Assyrian economy.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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