Özet:

Gastrointestinal microbiota as a whole comprises of microorganisms that develop from birth and change according to vital factors throughout life cycle. Recently, the mechanisms by which the brain and gut affect each other in a bidirectional manner have been investigated. Among these mechanisms, neuroactive compounds, short-chain fatty acids, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and vagus nerve play an important role. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety and stress may also be seen in people with microbiota dysbiosis due to gastrointestinal system diseases. Food products obtained through various fermentation processes have been found to improve the properties of the endogenous microflora and microbiota, therefore affecting intestinal and brain health in a positive manner. Fermented foods with probiotic properties are also psychobiotic foods, as they positively affect mental health. Studies have shown that the intake of fermented foods such as brined pickles, yoghurt, kefir, kimchi may support mental health by improving the microbiota in psychiatric disorders. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the extent to which each fermented food group affects the brain-gut axis and their effects on mental health. In this article, factors involved in the bidirectional interaction between the brain and the gut and the effects of fermented foods on psychiatric disorders through the brain-gut axis were reviewed.

Anahtar Kelimeler: