Özet:

Flame ionization method is developed for automatic control of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of the city in real time. This method measures the amount of concentration of hydrocarbon vapors and gases. In modern gas analyzers of hydrocarbons, excluding methane, there are following main basic schemes: Differential measurement scheme with two detectors and one amplifier. One detector gives a signal to the amount of hydrocarbons, other – only to methane. Measurement scheme with one detector and one amplifier. Pneumatic scheme works by switching the flow of analyzed air into two streams, one of which is the flow of air through the device of methane separation in each measurement cycle. The scheme contains two detectors, two gas blocks, one of which is equipped with a separation column of hydrocarbons and two measuring blocks. Depending on the conditions and purpose of the application, it is necessary to select the right measuring system of flame ionization analyzer. Determination of the main sources of errors in measuring circuits of flame ionization gas analyzers with various basic schemes allowed conducting theoretical calculation of total errors, roughly estimating their size and selecting the optimal measuring circuit. According to theoretical calculations, the basic error of differential measurement scheme with two electrometric amplifiers is 7,7 %. The values of basic errors of differential measurement scheme with one amplifier and scheme with one detector and adsorbing device are close to each other and are 10,26 % and 10,24 % respectively. The last measurement scheme, however, is characterized by large additional error due to the influence of often useless measurement parameters on the signal of flame ionization detector and is 18,63 %. It is determined that the most optimal from considered gas analyzer schemes with the least basic error is differential measurement scheme with two electrometric amplifiers. Author Biographies Віталій Михайлович Івасенко, National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», 37 Prospect Peremogy, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03056 Candidate of Technical Science, Assistant Department of Environmental Analytical Instruments and Systems

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