Özet:

Obesity and loanness are the results of the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Obesity has important roles in the etiology of type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, anorexia-cachexia is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths. So, it is important to know how energy balance is regulated so that these preventing or treating diseases can be prevented or treated. Energy homeostasis isined by complex and dynamic processes interacting with each other. Hypothalamus plays a key role in coordination and integration of stimuli from peripheral tissues such as the gastrointestinal system and fat tissue and from several regions of the central nervous system. It also has important roles in appropriate adaptive response. Many neuromediator and hormons such as leptin, neuropeptide Y, orexins, derivates of proopiomelanocortin, agouti-related protein, cocaine and amfetamine-regulated transcript, cholecystokine, serotonin, noradrenaline, insulin, glucagon and glucagon like peptide, corticotrophin releasing factor and corticosteroids, ghrelin, galanin and galanin like peptide, bombesin and its homolouge as gastrin releasing peptide in human, opioids, cannabinoids, neurotensin, nitric oxide and several cytokines such as TNF-α, IL1, IL6, ciliary neurotrophic factor mediating terminating in hypothalamus. So they contribute to feeding behavior. It is also important to know the other actions of these molecules apart from their roles in feeding when predicting the side effects profiles of new drugs targeting these molecules

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