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Yirminci yüzyılın başından itibaren öncelikle toplumda, daha sonra felsefede, fizikte, sanatta, mimaride, bilim ve teknolojide meydana gelen değişimler ile postmodern düşüncenin etkisini birçok alanda gösterdiği görülmektedir. Modernizmin karşısında postmodernizm, tüm bilenen ve kabul gören doğruları derinden sarsıcı yapısıyla modernizme ciddi bir alternatif olarak 1960’lı yıllardan sonra varlığını kabul ettirmektedir. Tüm bilim dallarını ve disiplinlerini etkisi altına alan postmodernizmin, diğer sanat dallarını bütünleştiren edebiyat alanında daha çarpıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Edebî türler arasında ise en çok etkilenen tür roman olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu anlamda, postmodern romanlarda kullanılan teknikler ve yöntemler, alışılagelmiş ve geleneksel romanların özelliklerinden oldukça farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle postmodernizm kavramına değinilmekte, postmodern sanat bağlamında postmodern edebiyatın ve romanın başat özellikleri açıklanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Postmodern söylemin kuramcılarından Jean Baudrillard ve Jean-François Lyotard’ın görüşlerine yer verilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın asıl amacı Frédéric Beigbeder’nin “Kuzey Kulesi 107. Kat” adlı romanındaki postmodern unsurları, roman boyunca kullanılan teknikleri örneklerle ve kullanım yönleriyle ele almaktır. Çok yönlü bakış açısıyla ele alınan romanda, popüler kültürün toplumdaki etkisi ironik bir biçimde anlatılmaktadır. Amerikan kültürü kelime oyunlarıyla hicvedilmekte, cinsellik ve çarpık ilişkiler gözler önüne serilmekte, şehirler, yerler kıyaslanmakta, mekânlar arası göndermeler yapılmakta, olaylara farklı bakış açılarıyla bakılmakta, tezatlıklardan kelime oyunlarıyla bahsedilerek kara mizah yapılmakta, kurgu içinde kurgu oluşturulmakta, tüketim toplumuna ironik göndermeler yapılmaktadır Bu çalışmada metinlerarasılıktan üstkurmacaya parodiden pastişe, ironiden oyunsallığa belirsizlikten parçalanmaya dil oyunlarından kurmaca içinde kurmaca yaratımına kadar birçok postmodern unsurun kullanımı irdelenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, birçok postmodern özelliği bünyesinde barındıran “Kuzey Kulesi 107. Kat” adlı romanın, önemli bir postmodern yapıt olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
From the beginning of the twentieth century, the changes that occurred first in society, then in philosophy, physics, art, architecture, science and technology and the influence of postmodern thinking appeared to be shown in many fields. In front of modernism, postmodernism, with its profoundly shocking structure of all known and accepted truths, recognizes its existence after the 1960s as a serious alternative to modernism. It is known that postmodernism, which affects all its disciplines and disciplines, has a more impressive impact on the literary field that integrates other disciplines of art. Among the literary types, it is the most influenced type of novel. In this sense, the techniques and methods used in postmodern novels differ greatly from the characteristics of ordinary and traditional novels. In this study, it is primarily referred to the concept of postmodernism, it is attempted to explain the main characteristics of postmodern literature and novel in the context of postmodern art. The views of postmodern speech theorists Jean Baudrillard and Jean-François Lyotard. The main purpose of this study is the "North Tower 107" by Frédéric Beigbeder. The post-modern elements in the novel, “The Floor”, are to deal with the techniques used throughout the novel with examples and uses. The novel, which is addressed from a multilateral perspective, describes the influence of popular culture on society in an ironic way. The American culture is hicved by word games, sexuality and broken relationships are seen, cities, places are compared, interspace shifts are made, events are viewed with different perspectives, discourse with word games is made black humor, fiction is created, consumer society is made ironic shifts in this study is the use of many postmodern elements to overcome intertext; from parody to past, from irony to play; from uncertainty to breakdown; from language games to creative creation. In this context, the "North Tower 107, which houses many postmodern features within it. The novel, Kat, is an important postmodern work.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, it has been seen that the effect of postmodern thought has occurred in many fields with the changes firstly in society, then in philosophy, physics, art, architecture, science and technology. With its shocking and striking effect on all known and accepted truths, postmodernism has been accepted as a serious alternative to modernism after the 1960s. It is known that postmodernism, which influences all branches of science, has a more striking effect in the field of literature that integrates other branches of art. The most affected genre is novel among the literary genres. In this sense, the techniques and methods used in postmodern novels are quite different from the features of conventional and traditional novels. In this study, the concept of postmodernism is firstly mentioned and the dominant features of posmodern literature and novel are tried to be explained in the context of postmodern art. The views of Jean Baudrillard and Jean-François Lyotard, among important theorists of postmodern discourse, are also mentioned. The main purpose of this study is to examine the postmodern elements of Frédéric Beigbeder's novel "Windows on the World" with its examples and techniques used throughout the novel. The impact of popular culture in today's society is ironically described in the novel with multiple points of view. American culture is satirized by word games, sexuality and distorted relationships are exposed, cities and places are compared, references between places are made, events are viewed from different perspectives, black humor is made by mentioning contradictions with word games, fiction is created within fiction, ironic references are made to the consumer society In the study, many postmodern elements, from intertextuality to metafiction; parody to pastiche; irony to playfulness; from uncertainty to fragmentation; from language games to creation of fiction within fiction are examined. In this context, it is concluded that the novel "Windows on the World" which contains many postmodern features is an important postmodern work.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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