Özet:

With the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the widespread use of the concept of clean energy, electric vehicles are replacing vehicles with internal combustion engines. States have started to take concrete steps on clean energy by changing their energy policies. In this context, they plan to limit the use of internal combustion vehicles and to terminate them completely in the near future. There are problems that electric vehicles have to overcome in order to reach the desired level. These problems stand out as low range and high battery cost. The most important parameter affecting the range and preferability of electric vehicles is battery technology. The solution of these problems is directly proportional to the developments in battery technologies. The range of electric vehicles is directly related to the battery capacities, and it is desired that the batteries have high power density, high energy density, fast charge-discharge and long life. Therefore, today’s electric vehicle research and development studies have focused on this issue. In this study, a detailed study has been done on battery chemistry from past to present. By explaining the important concepts for batteries, the superior and non-superior aspects of the batteries used in the past and newly developed have been determined. As a result of this study, the most preferred battery types in electric vehicles, among the battery types examined, are lithium-based batteries such as NMC, NCA, LTO, LPF, LMO. Promising Li-s, Li-air, Zn-air and li-batteries are not yet commercially used in electric vehicles.

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