Abstract:

Artificial intelligence as an umbrella concept is categorised into four types: Reactive machines, limited memory machines, theory of mind and self-awareness. Among these types, only the types of artificial intelligence that react and have a limited memory are currently used in daily life. Studies on theory of mind are still ongoing. Sophia, a humanoid robot, is an example of this type. The fourth type now has its own consciousness and self-awareness. The main difference of opinion on the legal status of artificial intelligence centers on whether this technology is a subject of rights or an object of rights. In this framework, four main views have been put forward: property, slave, legal person and electronic person. On the other hand, the world's first Artificial Intelligence Law adopted by the European Parliament on 14 June 2023 and the definition announced by the OECD on 8 November 2023 are guiding in evaluating the legal status of artificial intelligence. In this framework, it should be taken into account that artificial intelligence is a machine-based system and must be a human-centered technology.