Abstract:

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of exports and imports on tourism for 11 European Union countries for the period 1996-2019. In this study, Emirmahmutoğlu and Köse (2011) panel Granger causality approach, which considers both the correlation and the heterogeneity between countries, was used as an empirical method. According to the results of analysis, a causal relationship from export to tourism in Portugal, from tourism to import in Ireland and from tourism to export was determined on a country basis. In addition, there is a causal relationship from export to tourism and from import to tourism throughout the panel. Therefore, positive developments in exports and imports in these countries cause an increase in tourism and/or incoming tourists.

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