Abstract:

Different from the solid, liquid and gaseous state of the matter, the term plasma, which has been used for a long time by its unique properties, is briefly defined as “ionized gas”. The mixture of ions, electrons and neutral atoms formed by sequential reactions that occur as a result of the heating of a gas constitutes the basic components of the plasma. There are also photons, electrons, free radicals and neutral atoms in the plasma, as well as reactive species with sufficient electrical energy, which are responsible for breaking down covalent bonds. Plasma systems; thermodynamic properties (high temperature and low temperature) and operating pressures (low pressure and atmospheric pressure). Cold plasma technology, one of the newest technologies among low temperature plasmas; is defined as the plasma produced by the application of a certain electric current or electromagnetic radiation of gases present under a certain vacuum and at room temperature. Cold plasma; It is a generous biotechnological resource in the provision of innovative, environmentally friendly and economical solutions for the natural and life sciences, thanks to the variety of its mechanisms of action and its flexibility in application which allows it to be combined with other technologies. Especially in the last two decades, cold plasma technology offers alternative solutions for problems encountered in medicine, medical, environment, agriculture and food, because of reactive species that make up the mechanism of action can interact with biological systems. In this review, agricultural applications of cold plasma, seed germination and seed decontamination, soil enrichment, plasma active water applications and also effects of plasma on plant material in vitro are discussed.

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