Özet:

Turks, one of the oldest tribes in history, have always been exposed to direct or indirect attacks in many areas in their geography. By the 20th century, these attacks experienced the most violent period. In particular, exploitation and assimilation efforts have gained weight and centers of resistance have been established against this. The idea of facilitating colonization and managing it by dividing it into small pieces is the basis of exploitation and assimilation. The harshest reaction to this assimilation and exploitation effort is the old-fashioned madrasahs and conscious communities raised from the societies, associations and parties established by the Usul-i Cedit schools that started their activities as a result of the Cedit movement. The activities carried out by the intellectuals of this period were not only local studies. The intellectuals of the period aimed to confront the enemy with efforts to unify the whole Turkic world in response to the search for assimilation and exploitation targeting the entire Turkic world. However, local studies have also come to the fore with their essential and unifying aspects rather than being separators. In this study; We will evaluate the Kazakh enlightenment process, which emerged as an attitude against the exploitation and assimilation efforts undertaken by the Russians for the purpose of Russification and Christianization, and the Alaş Orda movement that developed and settled this process.

Anahtar Kelimeler: