Özet:

Introduction: Alarming data from the Ministry of Health show that in Brazil 52.5% of the population is overweight. Individuals suffering from chronic obesity have a high metabolic repercussion and respiratory dysfunctions, among them are diaphragmatic compression, changes in respiratory mechanics and a decrease in thoracic complacency. The objective of the study was to demonstrate the respiratory dysfunctions arising from each type of surgery, laparotomy and laparoscopy, the results of the application of low intensity physical therapy in the postoperative period. Methods: The systematic review followed the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviewsand Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) with researches in the PubMed®, SciELO®, PeDro® and Lilacs® platforms in English and Portuguese published in the last ten years. Results: The total search resulted in 36,931 articles, where 36,916 were excluded based on pre-determined criteria. 15 articles were used for analysis and comparison. Discussion: According to the studies laparoscopic surgery, it was shown to be less invasive, with less risk to the patient. As for treatment, low-intensity physical therapy to, support pressure of use and conventional therapy was positive. Although bariatric surgery is an effective method to reduce weight and solve obesity complications, studies show that postoperative complications can occur, among them, the most frequent are atelectasis and dysfunction of the thoracoabdominal movement.

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