Abstract:

Acute kidney failure (ARI) is a common condition affecting approximately26.9% of pediatric age patients. Its severity is variable, ranging from a simple disturbance of the biological balance to the need to resort to extra-renal purification and the commitment of the vital prognosis. Acute renal failure is defined as a sudden (occurring within 1 to 7 days) and sustained (>24 hours) decline in renal function, reflected by an increase in plasma creatinine it is associated with the inability of the kidneys to excrete the waste products of nitrogen metabolism with an increase in blood urea.), other etiologies can be observed including the toxic origin. We report the case of a 14-year-old child from a non-consanguineous marriage, without particular pathological ATCDS, without notion of toxic or drug intake, admitted for AKI revealed by food vomiting and liquid diarrhea evolving for 5 days, with biological balance sheet urea at 1.69 and creatinine at 17.59. On examination the child was conscious stable normocardium at 92 bpm normotensive at120/80mmhg eupneic at 18 cpm diuresis at 1.1cc/kg/h weight and height inaverage, no edematous syndrome or sign of overload, the urine dipstick was negative without glucosuria, the etiological assessment was negative, the patient was put on oral hyperhydration alone (3L/d) with a marked improvement in renal function urea to 0.38 and creatinine at 5.4 after 24 hours, the questioning was resumed which noted the notion of consumption of tetrahydrocannabiol. In conclusion, ARI is considered a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency whose toxic origin is always to be mentioned above all in adolescents.

Keywords: