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Atatürk’ün milli mücadeleyi başlatmak amacıyla Samsun’a ayak bastığı gün olan 19 Mayıs, günümüzde “Atatürk’ü Anma Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı” adı ile ulusal bir bayram olarak kutlanmaktadır. Bu isimle kutlanmadan önce ise uzun bir süre “İdman Bayramı”, “Jimnastik Şenlikleri”, “Gazi Günü” ve “Atatürk Günü” gibi değişik adlarla kutlanmıştır. Bu kutlamalar, 19 Mayıs Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı’nın temelini oluşturmuştur. 19 Mayıs, ulusal düzeyde ilk kez 1935 yılında kutlanmıştır. 1930’lar Avrupa’sında bazı ülkelerde aşırı milliyetçiliğin yükselen bir değere dönüşmesi, Türkiye’yi de etkilemiş, ulusal bayramlar daha büyük coşkuyla kutlanmaya başlamıştır. Bu süreçte 19 Mayıs kutlamaları da 20 Haziran 1938 tarihinde çıkarılan bir kanunla resmi bayrama dönüştürülmüş ve milli bayramlar arasına girmiştir. Tek parti döneminde coşkuyla kutlanan bu bayram, Demokrat Parti iktidarının ilk yıllarında da benzer şekilde kutlanmaya devam etmiştir. Fakat DP’nin son yıllarında yaşanmaya başlayan ekonomik sıkıntılar, siyasal ve toplumsal huzursuzluğun artmasına yol açmıştır. Yaşananlar 19 Mayıs kutlamalarına da yansımış, her geçen yıl daha da özensiz hazırlanan bayram programları ile eski bayram coşkusu yitirilmeye başlanmıştır. Araştırmada Demokrat Parti dönemindeki 19 Mayıs Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı kutlamalarının basındaki yansımaları değerlendirilecektir.
May 19, which is the day at which Ataturk struck Samsun for the initiation of the national struggle, is today celebrated as a national holiday with the name "Atatürk's Memorial Youth and Sports Day". Before celebrating with this name, it has been celebrated for a long time with different names such as "Idman Day", "Jimnastic Festivals", "Gazi Day" and "Atatürk Day". These celebrations were the foundation of the 19th May Youth and Sports Day. The 19th of May was celebrated for the first time on a national level in 1935. In the 1930s in some countries of Europe, the transition of extremism to an increasing value, influenced Turkey, and national holidays began to be celebrated with greater enthusiasm. In this process, the celebrations of May 19 were also transformed into official celebrations by a law issued on June 20, 1938 and entered into the national holidays. This holiday, celebrated with enthusiasm during the single party period, continued to be celebrated in the same way in the first years of the Democratic Party's power. But the economic difficulties that have begun in the last years of the DP have led to an increase in political and social unrest. The events reflected on the celebrations of May 19, and the old holiday enthusiasm began to be lost with the feast programs that were prepared every year more unconsciously. The study will evaluate the reflections in the press of the 19th May Youth and Sports Day celebrations during the Democratic Party period.
May 19th, the day is when Atatürk set food on Samsun in order to commence national struggle, has been celebrating as a national holiday which is called as “May 19th Commemoration of Atatürk Youth and Sports Day” nowadays. Beforehand celebrating by calling this name, this national holiday celebrated different names such as “Gymnast Festival”, “Gymnastics Conviviality”, “Ghazi Day” and “Atatürk Day” quite while. Those celebrations has underlied May 19th Youth and Sports Day. Transforming fanatical patriotism into ascending values in some European countries of the nineteen thirties has also effected Turkey then National Holidays were started to celebrated more zestily. Within this period Celebrations of May 19th was converted into official holiday by a law which was enacted on 20 June 1930 and then was accepted as national holidays. This Holiday which was celebrated enthusiastically during Single-party system’s period, also kept going on celebrating in Democratical Party period in similar vein. However the economical shortages which started to occure in last years of the DP (i.e. Democratical Party) led to mount political and social unrestes. Incidentes that went through, reflected even the celebrations of May 19th, after that previous zests of holiday atmosphere have been started to lose because of holiday programmes which have been prepared imprecisely in every passing year. In this study, implications of celebrating May19th Youth and Sports Day in the period of Democratical Party on the press will be evaluated.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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