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Ekonomik büyüme bir ekonominin üretim kapasitesinin uzun dönemli genişlemesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ekonomik büyüme sonucu bir ülkenin iktisadi, sosyal ve kültürel yapısında önemli değişimler meydana gelebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, büyüme kavramının gelişim süreci tarih boyunca iktisatçıların, araştırmacıların, politika yapıcıların ve hatta hanehalklarının ilgisini çekmiştir. Ekonomi yazınında bu kavram önce tarım devrimi daha sonra sanayi devrimi ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde bilgi ve teknoloji öncülüğünde gerçekleşen üçüncü bir devrimin temelleri atılmaktadır. Geleneksel üretim faktörleri emek ve sermayenin yanında bilgiyi de kullanan ekonomiler büyüme adına bir adım öne geçmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bilgi, teknoloji ve yeniliğin ön planda olduğu bilgi ekonomisi bileşenleri ile ekonomik performans arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek ve bu bağlamda Türkiye ile AB ülkeleri arasında karşılaştırma yapmaktır. Çalışmada, Dünya Bankası KAM metodolojisi Custom Scorecards’ da yer alan 7 temel başlıktaki seçilmiş bilgi ekonomisi bileşenlerinin ekonomik performans üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. 28 AB üyesi ülke ve uzun yıllardır bu birliğe dahil olmak isteyen Türkiye’nin 1998-2017 dönemi verileri ile panel veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, çalışmada kullanılan bilgi ekonomisi bileşenlerinden sermaye, emek, ihracat, Ar-Ge harcamaları, eğitim harcamaları ve kamu etkinliği değişkenlerinin ekonomik performansı olumlu etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ekonomik performans açısından kadın işgücü ve cep telefonu abonelikleri değişkenleri hariç diğer bilgi ekonomisi bileşenlerinin AB ülkelerinde daha etkili ve verimli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Economic growth is defined as a long-term expansion of the production capacity of an economy. As a result of economic growth, significant changes can occur in the economic, social and cultural structure of a country. In this context, the development process of the growth concept has attracted the interest of economists, researchers, policy makers and even households throughout history. This concept was first linked to the agricultural revolution and then to the industrial revolution. The foundations of a third revolution, which took place under the leadership of information and technology in the last quarter of the 20th century, are placed. Traditional production factors, along with labour and capital, the economies that use the knowledge are taking a step forward in the direction of growth. The aim of this study is to explore the relationships between the components of the information economy and economic performance in which information, technology and innovation are in the forefront and in this context to make comparisons between Turkey and the EU countries. The study examined the impact of selected information economy components on economic performance in the 7 key titles included in the World Bank’s Custom Scorecards methodology. Panel data analysis has been carried out with data from the 1998-2017 period of the 28 EU member countries and Turkey, which has long wanted to join this union. According to the results of the analysis, the information economy components used in the study found that capital, labour, export, R&D expenditure, education expenditure and public performance variables had a positive impact on economic performance. In terms of economic performance, other components of the information economy have also been found to be more efficient and efficient in the EU countries, except the variables of women’s labour and mobile subscriptions.
Economic growth is defined as the long-term expansion of an economy's production capacity. As a result of economic growth, significant changes can occur in the economic, social and cultural structures of a country. In this context, the development process of growth has attracted the attention of economists, researchers, policy makers and even households historically. In the economics literature, this concept was first associated with the agricultural revolution and afterwards with industrial revolution. In the last quarter of the 20th century, the foundations of a third revolution under the leadership of knowledge and technology are laid. Economies which use labor, capital as well as knowledge are one step ahead in the name of growth. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the economic performance and knowledge economy which has knowledge, technology and innovation are in significant place and in this context, it is to make comparisons between EU countries and Turkey. In this study, the impact of the knowledge economy on economic performance has been examined by the selected economics components of 7 main topics in the World Bank KAM methodology Custom Scorecards. By using data of 1998-2017 period of 28 EU members and Turkey that has been postulated to be a member in the unity for a long time, a panel data analysis was performed. According to the results of the analysis, the variables of capital, labor, export, R&D expenditures, education expenditures and public activity which are the components of the knowledge economy used in the study, have a positive effect on economic performance. Additionally, it was determined that other knowledge economy compo-nents except female in labor force and mobile phone subscription variables were more effective and efficient in EU countries in terms of economic performance.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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