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  Citation Number 2
 Views 41
 Downloands 9
DİLBİLİMSEL TEFSİRİN GELİŞİMİ VE İBN ABBÂS’IN DİLBİLİMSEL TEFSÎRE ETKİSİ
2019
Journal:  
Kesit Akademi Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Kur’ân-ı Kerim insanlara dil aracılığıyla hitap etmiştir. Bu sebeple Kur’ân’ın anlaşılmasında dilin önemi âşikârdır. Kur’ân’ı dile dayalı olarak anlama uğraşısı, dilbilimsel tefsîr terimiyle ifade edilmektedir. Dilbilimsel tefsîr vahyin nüzûl döneminden başlayıp, sahabe ve tabiun dönemiyle devam eden, daha sonra hicri üçüncü asırda bir disiplin haline gelip sistemleşen Allah’ın kitabını dile dayalı yorumlamayı gaye edinen bir yöntemdir. Hz. Peygamber bazen kendisi bir âyeti okuyarak izah etmiş, bazen sahabeye soru sorarak bu soru doğrultusunda ya da sahabenin sormuş olduğu bir soru üzerine âyetleri yorumluyarak açıklamıştır. O’nun tefsîr etme tarzı, mücmelin tebyîni, mutlak olanların takyîdi, müşkil olanların izahı, anlamı kapalı olan bazı kelimelerin açıklanması şeklinde olmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, Hz. Peygamber kelimelerin müteradiflerini zikrederek, tariflerini yaparak, terim manasını izah ederek, âyette mutlak anlamın kastedildiğini belirterek açıklamalarda bulunmuştur. Haliyle bu şekil yorumlama da dilbilimsel yorumlama olmaktadır. Nüzûl döneminde sahabe, âyetlerin kırâati, anlamı ve uygulaması konusunda bir sorunla karşılaştığında Hz. Peygamber’e başvurarak bunu çözüyordu. O’nun vefatıyla birlikte söz konusu problemlerin çözümü bizzat sahabeye kalmıştır. Sahabe gerek zaman, gerekse mekân açısından tenzil döneminde yaşadığı için o gün kullanılan dili ve Arapların örf, adetlerini iyi bilmekteydi. İşte bu gibi avantajlar sayesinde, onlar Kur’ân’ı Kerimi tefsîr edip, dilsel izahlarda bulunarak anlaşılmayan kelimelerin anlamlarını açıklamışlardır. Sahabîler içtihatlarını büyük ölçüde dile dayalı izahlarla temellendirmişlerdir. Sahabenin önde gelen müfessirlerinden Abdullah İbn Abbâs (ö.68/687), kelimelerin anlamlarını açıklarken dilsel izahlarda bulunmuştur. Bu bağlamda kendisini imtihan etme amacıyla bir takım sorular soran Nafi’ b. Ezrâk’a Arap şiiriyle cevaplar vermiştir. Bu bilgilere binaen dilbilimsel tefsir nüzûl döneminde başlamıştır diyebiliriz. Yalnız dilsel unsurları diğer sahabîlere nazaran daha çok kullanan İbn Abbâs dilbilimsel tefsirin öncüsü kabul edilmiştir.

Keywords:

The evolution of the dialect and the influence of Ibn Abbas on the dialect
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

The Qur’an has spoken to people through the language. The meaning of the Qur’an is the meaning of the Qur’an. The Qur’an is the word of the Qur’an, and the word of the Qur’an is the word of the Qur’an. It is a way of interpreting the Book of God, which begins with the period of the Revelation and continues with the period of Sahabe and Nature, and then becomes a discipline in the third century of the Hicri and is systematic. by Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has read a Qur’an, and the Qur’an has written a Qur’an, and the Qur’an has written a Qur’an, and the Qur’an has written a Qur’an, and the Qur’an has written a Qur’an, and the Qur’an has written a Qur’an. His style of interpretation was the form of the explanation of the explanation, the explanation of the absolute, the explanation of the client, the explanation of some words that are closed. In addition to this, Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “The word of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the word of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the word of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the word of the Prophet. This form of interpretation is also a linguistic interpretation. And when it came to pass, the Qur’an was revealed, and the Qur’an was revealed, and the Qur’an was revealed. He asked the Prophet to resolve it. With his death, the solution to the problems remains on his own. The Arabic language and the Arabic language, which was used on that day, was well known as the Arabic language, and the Arabic language, which was used on that day, was well known as the Arabic language. Thus, thanks to such advantages, they have interpreted the Qur’an in the Kerimi and explained the meaning of the words which are not understood in the language explanations. They have made their drinks a great deal of explanation. Abdel-Abdullah ibn Abbâs (68/687), one of Sahaben’s leading inspectors, has been able to explain the meaning of the words in linguistic explanations. In this context, Nafi'b. Ezraq, who asked a series of questions in order to test himself, answered Arabic poems. We can say that the knowledge of this language has begun in the Nizhny Novgorod period. It is the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known as the first of all that is known.

Keywords:

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Similar Articles
Kesit Akademi Dergisi

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

Metrics
Article : 1.037
Cite : 1.577
Kesit Akademi Dergisi