Özet:

Today, the continuous increase in energy demand in the world has pushed countries to look for new energy sources. During these new energy sources, countries have increased their interest in renewable energy sources due to the limited reserve of fossil energy sources and their negative environmental effects, the strategic importance of energy supply security and the country’s desire to get rid of external energy dependence. Although our country is close to the fossil energy reserve, 75% of our energy needs is supplied by means of import. The political crises and wars that arise in our geographical axis have become a threat to our energy supply security. In this context, we need to explore the potential of our domestic energy sources in order to get rid of external dependence and diversify our electricity production resources. In this study, the aim is to identify the potential of biogas that can be obtained from animal waste derived from large, small and small animals within the fishesir province boundaries. The number of animals has been determined by the 2018 Turkish Statistical Bureau (TÜIK) data.  According to the calculations, the annual biodiesel potential is 390.114.719m3 in the Fishesir province. 51% of this biogas potential can be obtained from large-scale animals, 6% from small-scale animals and 43% from cattle. Currently, the biogas power plants (BES) which produce electricity using animal waste are located at the border of the northern districts such as Gönen, Bandırma. Together with the plant and construction facilities, the total power of the animal waste-based BESs in the Fishesir province will reach 10.30MW. The equivalent electric power potential of the annual 390.114.719m3 biogas is 893.363MWh. This means that a BES with an installed power of 112MW can be installed. Only 10% of the existing power plants and biodiesel potential are available. Therefore, there is a possibility of installing more than 102MW BES in the Fisheries Province. When animal waste is also considered an environmental problem, it is necessary to encourage the establishment of BES in the districts where the animal intensity is high and large-scale animal farms are located.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özet:

Today, the continuous increase in the need for energy around the worldwide has led countries to seek new energy sources. During the countries' search for this new energy sources; limited reserves and negative environmental impacts of fossil energy sources, the strategic importance of energy supply security and the desire of countries to get rid of dependence on foreign energy, increased the interest in renewable energy sources. Although our country is located close to fossil energy reserves, 75% of our energy needs are supplied by imported means. In recent years, political crises and wars in our region have become a threat to our energy supply security. In this context, in order to get rid of external dependence and to diversify our electricity generation resources, the potentials of our domestic energy resources should be investigated. In this study, it is aimed to determine the biogas potential that can be obtained from animal wastes from cattle, small ruminants and poultry in the Balikesir province. In determining the number of animals, it has been benefited from the Turkey Statistical Institute (TSI) 2018 data. As a result of the calculations, it has been determined that there is an annual biogas potential of 390.114.719m3 in Balıkesir province. The available biogas potential can be obtained from 51% cattle, 6% from small ruminants and 43% from poultry. Currently, Biogas Power Plants (BPP) that generate electricity using animal wastes in Balıkesir province are located in the northern districts such as Gönen and Bandırma. The total power of the BPPs utilizing animal waste resources in Balıkesir province will be 10,30 MW with the installed and under construction power plants. The equivalent electrical energy potential of 390.114.719m3 biogas per year is 893,363MWh. This means that BPP with 112MW installed power can be installed. Only 10% of the Balıkesir’s total biogas potential is available with the existing power plants. Therefore, in Balıkesir province, there is a potential to be established for about 102MW of BPP. Considering that animal wastes are also an environmental problem, incentives by the state should be made for the establishment of BPP in districts with high animal density and large-scale animal farms.