Özet:

16th Century was the period in which the significant event and changes took place in the Ottoman Empire. These developments, such as military movements, population growth, little ice age, and their effects were evaluated in some researches. However, very little has been said about the direct or indirect impact of all these factors on agricultural production, leaving gaps or not saying anything about the role of the little ice age. In this article, the question of how Ottoman agricultural production was influenced by these developments has been examined. The shift at the production of the wheat, that was the basic nutritional source, and the barley, which was one of the most significant nutrients for the animal used as a mount or draught, was based on. Comparing the production of wheat and barley in the first and second half of the 16th century and evaluating the result showed the role of these effects. Therefore, the wheat and the barley production were independent of each other as regards to their output was concerned, while, in most case, wheat was lost its cultivation area the output of barley increased, depends on the region they cultivated.

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