Özet:

Abstract The present study aims at studying the phytochemical compounds and evaluating in vivo the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ficus carica L. fruit. The total contents of phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were determined spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum trichloride and vanillin reagents respectively. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was realized by paw edema model in mice induced by intraplantar injection of λ-carrageenan and treated with doses of each extract at 250, 350, and 500 mg/kg body weight. Paws’ tissues were subjected to histological study to devote the effect of extracts at the tissue scale. Preliminary phytochemical screening indicates a significant appearance of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and steroids in both types of extracts. The aqueous extract marks the highest values in total phenolics, total flavonoids and condensed tannins contents: 951.06±61.08 mg GAE/100g dry weight (DW), 428.34±15.42 mg QE/100g DW and 474.07±50.25 mg CE/100g DW respectively. Our results show that both treatments with aqueous and ethanolic extract present a significant inhibition *P˂0.05 of the edema in a dose-dependent manner compared to the standard group (treated with 2-[2-(2,6-dichloroanilino) phenyl]acetic acid as anti-inflammatory medicine) during the whole experiment period. This was confirmed histologically by the observation of a less intense inflammatory infiltrate as the dose of extracts increase. This study reveals a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect in Ficus carica L. fruit extracts which could be related to the high amounts of phenolic compounds. Thus, fruit can be a promising natural substitute therapeutic to treat inflammation.

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