Bu çalışmada, Karadeniz’e kıyısı olan Türkiye, Gürcistan, Rusya Federasyonu, Ukrayna, Romanya ve Bulgaristan’ın balıkçılık sahalarının ve av güçlerinin büyüklüğü tespit edilmiş, 1950 yılından itibaren kıyıdaş ülkelerin bu denizden avladıkları su ürünlerinin miktarları incelenmiştir. Av ve av gücü verileri “www.seaaroundus.org” ve FAO balıkçılık istatistiklerinden alınmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra ülkelerin resmi istatistikleri ve yapılan bilimsel araştırmaların sonuçlarından da yararlanılmıştır. Kıyıdaş ülkelerin Karadeniz’den elde ettikleri toplam avın 1950’li yıllarda 400-500 bin ton yıl-1 arasında değiştiği, 1980’li yıllarda ise 1.3 milyon ton yıl-1’a kadar yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, 1980’li yılların sonunda hızlı bir azalma gösteren Karadeniz’den elde edilen balık üretimi 1990’lı yılların başlarında 500 bin ton yıl-1’ın altına kadar düşmüştür. 1990’lı yılların başından günümüze kadar olan yıllık üretim ise 500-900 bin ton yıl-1 arasında değişmiştir. Balık üretiminde 1950’li yıllara kadara Sovyetler Birliği en büyük paya sahip iken, bu ülkeyi Türkiye ve Ukrayna izlemiştir. Türkiye’nin bu denizden elde ettiği üretim 1980’li yılların başlarından sonra hızla artarken, Rusya Federasyonu’nun üretimi hızla azalmıştır. Son yıllardaki üretim miktarları bakımından ülkeler Türkiye, Rusya Federasyonu, Ukrayna, Gürcistan, Bulgaristan ve Romanya şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
In this study, the size of the fishing fields and fishing forces of Turkey, Georgia, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Romania and Bulgaria, which are on the coast of the Black Sea, and the quantities of water products that coastal countries hunt from this sea since 1950. The data for the hunting and hunting power is collected from "www.seaaroundus.org" and FAO's fishing statistics. In addition, the official statistics of the countries and the results of scientific research were also taken advantage of. The total hunting that coastal countries obtained from the Black Sea in the 1950s varied between 400-500 thousand tons of year-1 and in the 1980s increased to 1.3 million tons of year-1. However, the production of fish from the Black Sea, which showed a rapid decline at the end of the 1980s, dropped to below 500 thousand tons per year in the early 1990s. The annual production, from the beginning of the 1990s to the present day, varied between 500-900 thousand tons per year. While the Soviet Union had the largest market in fish production until the 1950s, this country was followed by Turkey and Ukraine. While Turkey's production from this sea has grown rapidly after the early 1980s, the production of the Russian Federation has declined rapidly. In terms of production quantities in recent years, the countries are ranked in the form of Turkey, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Georgia, Bulgaria and Romania.
In this study, the fishing areas and efforts of Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Ukraine, Romania and Bulgaria have been compared and, fluctuations in the fish catch amounts of riparian countries were investigated since 1950. Fishing fleets and catch values were taken from "www.seaaroundus.org" and FAO fishing statistics. In addition, the official statistics of the countries and the results of the scientific researches were also used. By using the data, the roles of the riparian countries in the Black Sea fisheries was evaluated. While total catch obtained by the riparian countries from the Black Sea was between 400-500 thousand tons year-1 in the 1950s and it was 1.3 million tons year-1 in the 1980s. However, at the end of the 1980s it showed a rapid decline and fell to below 500 thousand tons in the early 1990s. Annual catch from the beginning of the 1990s to the recent years varied between 500 and 900 thousand tons. Until the late 1970s, the Soviet Union's share in this total catch was the highest and followed by Turkey and Ukraine. While the catch obtained by Turkish fishermen increased sharply in the early 1980s, it decreased sharply for Russian fishermen.
Alan : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Ziraat, Orman ve Su Ürünleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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