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Betonarme binalarda deprem etkisine karşı perde duvar kullanımının önemi büyüktür. Tasarım aşamasında uygulamacı mühendisler, planda yerleştirilecek olan perde duvar miktarına ve yerleşimine karar verir. Bunun için öncelikle, perde duvar miktarı ve yerleşimi parametrelerinin, bina davranışı ve deprem güvenliği üzerindeki etkilerinin anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada betonarme bir binanın planındaki perde duvar yerleşimi farklılığının binanın kapasitesi ve deprem performansı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, konut türü, sekiz katlı, iki ve dört açıklıklı, farklı perde duvar miktar ve yerleşimlerine sahip perdeli çerçeveli ve sadece çerçeveli betonarme binalar model olarak seçilmiştir. Model binalar düzenli bir kalıp planına sahiptir. Perde duvarlar, diğer yönde yerleştirilecek perdelerin binanın çözümleme sonuçlarına olan etkisi ihmal edilerek, binanın sadece x doğrultusunda simetrik olacak şekilde yerleştirilmiştir. Model binalarda kullanılan perde kesiti DBYBHY (2007)’de verilen minimum boyutları sağlayacak şekilde 200×1400 mm olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında perde duvarlar, geniş kolon analojisi olarak da bilinen plastik mafsallı orta-dikme çubuk modeli kullanılarak SAP 2000 programı ile modellenmiştir. Tüm model binaların deprem performans değerlendirmeleri doğrusal elastik olmayan yöntemlerden “Artımsal Eşdeğer Deprem Yükü Yöntemi” kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Model binalar için kapasite eğrileri, performans seviyeleri ve perde duvarda meydana gelen kesme kuvveti ve moment grafikleri elde edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlardan, perde duvarların iç ya da dış aksa yerleştirilmesinin, binanın kesme kapasitesinde %2 oranında bir değişime neden olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan çözümlemelerde sekiz katlı ve taşıyıcı sistemi salt çerçeveli olarak oluşturulan bina modellerinin hiçbirinin hedef performans seviyesini sağlamadığı görülmüştür. Bina planına simetrik olarak perde duvar yerleştirilmesi, performans seviyesinin hedef performans seviyesine yükseltilmesini sağlamıştır. Dolayısıyla perde miktarı ve yerleşimi değiştirilen tüm bina çözümlemelerinde, “Can Güvenliği” performans seviyesi elde edilmiştir.
The importance of the use of walls against the effects of earthquakes in concrete buildings is great. During the design phase, the implementing engineers decide the amount and the installation of the wall of the curtain to be placed in the plan. First of all, it is necessary to understand the amount of the wall and the settlement parameters, the impact on the building behavior and earthquake safety. In this study, the difference in the wall placement in the plan of a concrete building has been studied on the impact of the wall placement on the capacity of the building and earthquake performance. For this purpose, the housing type, eight-storey, two and four-storey, is selected as a model of curtain-range and only-range concrete buildings with different walls and settings. The model buildings have a regular pattern plan. The walls of the curtains, ignoring the impact of the curtains to be placed in the other direction on the result of the building’s resolution, are placed in such a way that the building will only be symmetrical in x direction. The curtain cut used in the model buildings was considered as 200×1400 mm to provide the minimum sizes provided in DBYBHY (2007). In the framework of the study, the curtain walls were modeled with the SAP 2000 program, using the plastic mafsal medium-tinking bar model, also known as the broad colon analogue. The earthquake performance assessments of all models of buildings are made using linear non-elastique methods using the "Augmental Equivalent Earthquake Load Method". Capacity curves for model buildings, performance levels and cutting strength and moment graphs occurring on the curtain wall have been obtained. According to the results obtained in the study, the placement of the curtain walls in or outside the axis caused a change of 2% in the building's cutting capacity. In the solutions made, it has been shown that none of the building models created in the eight-storey and carrier system as a simple frame did not provide the target performance level. Simetrically placing the wall of the curtain in the building plan ensures that the performance level is up to the target performance level. Therefore, in all building solutions that have changed the amount of curtains and settings, the "Life Safety" performance level has been achieved.
The use of a shear wall in reinforced concrete buildings is of great importance against earthquake effect. At the design stage, the application engineers decide the amount and location of the shear wall to be used in the plan. Therefore, first of all, it is should be understood the effects of the shear wall quantity and layout parameters on the building behavior and seismic safety. In this study; the variation of shear wall layout in the plan of a reinforced concrete building is investigated on the effects of building capacity and seismic performance. For this purpose, a residential type, eight-storeyed, two and four-span shear wall frame, and only frame reinforced concrete buildings are selected as models. The model buildings have a regular formwork plan. The shear walls have been placed in such a way that they will be symmetrical in the x-direction of the building neglecting the effect of the shear walls that will be placed in the other direction on the results of the analysis of the building. The shear wall section used in the model buildings has been considered as 200 × 1400 mm in such a way that it will ensure the minimum dimensions given in DBYBHY (2007). Within the scope of the study, the shear walls, also known as wide column analogy, have been modeled in SAP2000 program by using a plastic hinged mid-strut rod model. The seismic performance evaluations of all model buildings were made by using "Incremental Equivalent Seismic Load Method" of nonlinear elastic methods. Capacity curves, performance levels, and graphs of shear force and bending moment that occurred on the shear wall were obtained for the model buildings. From the results obtained in this study, it has been observed that the placement of the shear walls on the inner or outer axis caused a change in shear capacity of the building by 2%. In the analyzes made, it was seen that none of the building models, which were formed as an eight-storeyed and purely framed system, ensured the target performance level. Placing the shear wall symmetrically on the building plan has ensured the performance level to be increased to the target performance level. Therefore, "Life Safety" performance level is obtained in all building analyzes where shear wall quantity and location is changed.
Alan : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Mühendislik
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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