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1997’de geliştirilen “evrensel tasarım ilkeleri” ve 2007 yılında gündeme gelen “Birleşmiş Milletler Engelli Kişilerin Haklarına Dair Uluslararası Sözleşmesi” engellilere duyarlılığı şehir planlama ve kentsel tasarımın gündemine taşımıştır. Ulaşım altyapısı, toplu taşım sistemi, yaya ve bisiklet erişimi, kentsel sosyal alt yapı alanları, kent merkez ve alt merkezlerinin konumları gibi planlama alanında üretilen kararlar kentin erişilebilirliğinin önemli belirleyicileri olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ancak konuya ilişkin uygulamalar ve akademik çalışmaların daha çok ergonomik standartlara temellendiği; mimari ve kentsel tasarım ölçeklerinde ele alındığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada İzmit kent merkezi örneğinde evrensel tasarım ilkeleri kentsel ölçekte ele alınarak kapsamlı, bütüncül, sürekliliği olan ve fiziksel planlama çalışmalarında kullanılabilecek somut bir altlık üretilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yerleşimin engellilik derecesini ortaya koyan erişilebilirlik bölgeleri haritalanmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Kentsel ölçekte planlama çalışmalarına yön vermek ve öncelikli müdahale alan ve biçimlerini belirlemek üzere, tanımlanan alt bölgeleri birbirine bağlayan ve kentsel hareketliliğin en yoğun olarak gerçekleştiği varsayılan öncelikli erişilebilirlik ağı tespit edilmiştir.
The "Global Design Principles" developed in 1997 and the "United Nations International Convention on the Rights of Disabled Persons" published in 2007 have brought the sensitivity to persons with disabilities to the agenda of urban planning and urban design. Decisions made in the field of planning such as transport infrastructure, public transport system, pedestrian and bicycle access, urban social sub-structure areas, the locations of the city center and sub-centres appear as important determinants of the city’s accessibility. However, practices and academic studies on the subject are more based on ergonomic standards; it is seen to be addressed in architectural and urban design scales. This study aimed at producing a concrete substrate that is comprehensive, comprehensive, continuous and can be used in physical planning work, addressing the principles of universal design in urban scale. As a result, the accessibility areas that show the degree of disability of the settlement have been maped and evaluated. For the orientation of urban planning work and the determination of the areas and forms of priority intervention, the default priority accessibility network that connects the defined subregions and where urban mobility occurs most intensely has been identified.
The "universal design principles" developed in 1997 and the "United Nations International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" that came to the agenda in 2007 brought sensitivity to the disabled to the agenda of urban planning and urban design. Decisions made in the field of planning such as transportation infrastructure, public transportation system, pedestrian and bicycle access, urban social infrastructure areas, the location of the city center and sub-centers appear as important determinants of the city's accessibility. However, it is observed that the applications and academic studies related to the subject are mostly based on ergonomic standards and it is handled in architectural and urban design scales. In this study, it is aimed to create a comprehensive, holistic, continuous framework that can be used in physical planning studies by addressing the universal design principles in the example of Izmit city center. As a result, the accessibility zones that show the degree of disability of the settlement were mapped and evaluated. In order to direct the planning studies at the urban scale and to determine the priority intervention areas and types, the priority accessibility network, which connects the defined sub-regions and is assumed to be the most intense urban mobility, has been determined.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Sağlık Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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