Özet:

Participation banks (Islamic Banks), which are at the center of the Islamic finance system in Turkey, both an alternative and integrated to conventional banking, respond to the financial needs of individuals who stay away from interest, and contribute to the country's economy by incorporating idle economic values into the system. In this study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index (TFPI) methods with input-oriented variable returns to scale (VRS) approach were used to determine the level of efficient and productive use of financial resources of participation banks. From the financial statement data of 5 participation banks between 2016 and 2020, ‘equity’ and ‘funds collected’ as input variables, and ‘loans given’ and ‘net profit for the period’ as output variables were taken in this study. As a result of the DEA analysis under the assumption of VRS, Kuveyt Türk, Ziraat Participation and Vakıf Participation Banks were found to be technical efficient every year. In 2018 and 2019 Al Baraka Türk Participation Bank, and in 2019 Türkiye Finans Participation Bank were inefficient, but in 2020 they became technical efficient together with other banks. In the bank-based average Malmquist TFP Index, Vakıf Participation ranked first in technical efficiency change and scale efficiency change; Kuveyt Türk ranked first in technological change, and all banks were found equally in pure technical efficiency change. The success ranking based on the change in total factor productivity was realized as Kuveyt Türk, Vakıf Participation, Ziraat Participation, Al Baraka Türk and Türkiye Finans Participation Bank.

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