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Introduction: Sound knowledge of the subject with clear understanding of its clinical application is important to create strong foundation of sound clinical practice1 in medical students. Efforts are being made to improve the student learning by using various methodologies including case based learning (CBL).Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows:- 1. To introduce case based learning for MBBS students in department of Respiratory medicine. 2. To compare the effectiveness of case based learning in Respiratory medicine with conventional learning methods. 3. To access the perception of students regarding case based learning. Methodology: It is a comparative observational study designed to compare the effectiveness of case based learning with conventional teaching method in Respiratory medicine subject. The study was conducted in 110 student MBBS in L N Medical College & Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The study was conducted in 2 sessions. Total enrolled 110 students were divided into two batches of 55 students each. For post teaching session, questionnaire and feedback paper according to Likert`s scale for student perception were prepared. All data compiled and evaluated for further study. Results: In Session I, More than 60% marks (15/25 marks) gained by 100 % (55) students who taught topic Tuberculosis by Case based learning teaching method while only 56.36%( 31) students gained who taught by conventional teaching method. In Session II, more than 60% marks (15/25 marks) gained by 78.18 % (43) students who taught topic COPD by Case based learning while only 30.91% ( 17) students who taught by conventional teaching method. Overall range observed in feedback of Participants about case base learning method ( except point of more time consuming) by Likert scale between 44.54% (49) -59.09 % (65) students were either agree or strongly agree while 16.36%(18) - 29.09 % (32) students were either disagree or strongly disagree. We observed that teachers also appreciate case base learning method of teaching, now we are more confident to use this method more effectively. Conclusion: After both session it was observed that being student centered interactive teaching learning method, students scored better with case based learning than conventional teaching. Feedback response showed that majority of student found very positive to learn by case based learning teaching method. Case based learning method can help students to become lifelong learner, so in judicious combination with conventional teaching can be fruitful to make more competent Indian medical graduates.

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