Özet:

Ektopic parathyroid glands, when missed, form a common ethology of persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Ektopic parathyroid glands are caused by an abnormal migration during the embryogenesis process and the failure to successfully identify may lead to failure to success in parathyroid surgery. Ektopic inferior parathyroids are found in the anterior mediastend, timus or thyroid gland, while ectopic superior parathyroids are found in the trakeo-osophageal and retro-osophageal areas. The throat ultrasound, the 99mTc Sestamibi scan and the one-photon computer tomography (SPECT) or CT (SPECT / CT) are imaging methods that increase the diagnostic accuracy of ectopic parathyroids. The thin injection aspiration cytology of a suspicious injury for the parathyroid tissue and the parathyroid hormone measurement of the aspirated material helps to preoperative localization of the ectopic glands. Common areas for surgical examination, the upper thyroid poles for the upper parathyroids, the upper thyroid vascular structures and cervical ozofagus, the carotis artery bifurcation for the inferior parathyroids and timustur. After radiographically successful localization, minimal invasive parathyroidectomy, supported by postoperative fast parathormone measurement, significantly increases the surgical results in patients with ectopic parathyroid adenoma. Ectopic parathyroid glands, when missed, form a common etiology of persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Ectopic parathyroid glands originate from abnormal migration in the embryogenesis process and lack of a successful identification may lead to a lack of success in parathyroid surgery. While ectopic inferior parathyroids are most common in the anterior mediastinum, thymus or thyroid gland, the most common position for ectopic superior parathyroids is the tracheoesophageal groove and the retro esophageal region. Neck ultrasonography, 99mTc Sestamibi scanning and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or CT (SPECT / CT) are imaging modalities that increase the diagnostic accuracy of ectopic parathyroids. The fine needle aspiration cytology of the suspected lesion for parathyroid tissue and the parathyroid hormone measurement of the aspirated material help preoperative localization of ectopic glands. Common areas for surgery are upper thyroid pole, upper thyroid vascular structures and cervical esophagus for upper parathyroids and bifurcation of the carotid artery and thymus for inferior parathyroids. After radiographic successful localization, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is supported by postoperative rapid parathyroid hormone measurement, which significantly increases surgical outcomes in patients with ectopic parathyroid adenoma. Key words: Ectopic parathyroidism, parathormone, primary hyperparathyroidism

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