Abstract:

The article refers to the cultural revival of the Turkic-Muslim peoples after the fall of the Caliphate and the formation of independent feudal states on the historical territory of Azerbaijan and Central Asia. It was during this period and during the period of the Mongol invasions that such outstanding scientists appeared - thinkers like Ibn Sina, al-Farabi, al-Biruni, al-Khorezmi, Nasiraddin Tusi and many others whose scientific discoveries made a huge contribution to the world heritage. The works of Mahmoud Kashkari and Yusuf Balasaguni, as well as the epics Manas and The Book of Dede Korkuda, played an important role in the study of ethnic roots, customs, life, culture and history of Turkic peoples. The spread of Islam among the Turkic people by the Caliphate enriched their culture even more by introducing it to Islamic culture. The moral state of embarking ―on the path of truth‖ left a clear mark in the dastans of the epic ―The Book of Dede Korkuda‖. Although Oguzes are called Muslims in them, nevertheless, the ancient Turkic deity Tengri occupies a leading place in their life. Thus, the goal in writing this article is that it was the Turkic scientists who opened the first Nizamiyye Madrasah University, the Maragin Observatory, which was the first academy in the East. The tables compiled at this observatory were more accurate than modern five-digit geometrical tables.

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