Abstract:

The recognition of the right to assembly and demonstration in Ottoman lands took place quite late compared to Western European countries. The legal steps regarding the right to assembly and demonstration were carried out during the Second Constitutional Era. The libertarian enthusiasm at the beginning of this period was reflected in the legal status of the right to assembly and demonstration. However, the libertarian attitude was short-lived. Changes in 1328 were a step back. Although short-lived liberalizing steps were taken in 1946, the right to assembly and demonstration were again restricted with amendments in 1953 and 1956. While the center-periphery conflict was dominant on the basis of the restrictions in the first period, with the transition to multi-party life, the understanding of majoritarian democracy was at the base of the oppression of the opposition and public freedoms.

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