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Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda İttifak devletlerinin 1918 yılına gelindiğinde arda arda alınan yenilgiler üzerine barış istemekten başka bir çaresi kalmadı. Özellikle Bulgarların mütareke imzalaması üzerine çok zor duruma düşen Osmanlı Devleti de harekete geçti. Ancak bu süreci yönetecek ve savaş suçlusu olarak görülmeyen yapıcı bir kabinenin iş başına gelmesi gerekliydi. Zira İttihat ve Terakki Partisi, savaştaki kötü gidişatın sorumlusu olarak görüldüğü için bütün ağır eleştirilerin hedefindeydi. Bu nedenle Talat Paşa kabinesi 7 Ekim 1918’de istifa sürecini başlattı ve sadaret mührünü ise 13 Ekim’de teslim etti. Padişah Vahideddin, Ahmet İzzet Paşa’ya yeni kabineyi kurma görevi verdi ve barış görüşmelerini hemen başlatmasını istedi. İzzet Paşa kabinesi, müttefiklerle Mondros Mütarekesi’ni imzalayarak büyük prestij kazanmış olsa da İttihat ve Terakki’nin bazı eski üyelerin kabinede görev aldığı için sert eleştirilere maruz kaldı. Giderek tonunu daha da ağırlaştıran eleştiriler ve Padişah Vahideddin’in baskısı yeni kabineyi görevini yapamaz duruma getirdi. Bu durum Ahmet İzzet Paşa kabinesini istifaya götürerek ömrünün kısa olmasına sebep oldu. Bu çalışma, İzzet Paşa kabinesini istifaya götüren süreci birçok yönden ele almaktadır. Kabineyi istifaya hazırlayan sebepler olarak iddia edilen ittihatçıların kabinede istenmemesi, ittihatçı liderlerin yurtdışına firarı üzerine basındaki sert eleştiriler ve istifada İngilizlerin etkisi incelendi. Bununla birlikte İstifanın kamuoyundaki yankıları ve Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın istifaya karşı tutumu değerlendirildi.
At the time of the First World War, when the Allied states reached 1918, there was no other way than asking for peace on the successive defeats. The Ottoman State, which was in a very difficult situation especially when the Bulgarians signed the alliance, took action. But it was necessary that a building cabin, which was not seen as a war criminal, was to be done. The Zira Alliance and the Terakki Party were targeted by all heavy criticisms because they were seen as responsible for the bad progress in the war. Therefore, the Cabinet of Talat Pasha began the resignation process on 7 October 1918 and delivered the mole of sadness on 13 October. Padişah Vahideddin gave Ahmet Izzet Pasha the task of establishing a new cabinet and asked him to start peace talks immediately. The Izzet Pasha Cabinet has gained great prestige by signing the Mondros Agreement with its allies, but it has been criticized by some former members of the Alliance and Terakki's office in the cabinet. The criticisms and the pressure of Padişah Vahideddin increasingly aggravated the tone and made the new cabinet unable to perform its duties. This has led to the shortest life of Ahmet Izzet Pasha's cabinet to resign. This work deals with the process that led the Izzet Pasha Cabinet to resign in many ways. The alleged reasons for preparing the cabinet to resign were not requested in the cabinet, the hard criticism of the press on the flight of the cabinet leaders abroad and the influence of the British on resignation was examined. However, the opinions in the public and the attitude of Mustafa Kemal Pasha against the resignation were assessed.
In the First World War, the Central Powers after the defeats of one after the other in 1918, had no choice but to ask for peace. The Ottoman Empire, which was in a very difficult situation especially after the Bulgarians signed an armistice, wanted to act for a peace treaty. But a constructive cabinet that would lead this process and not be seen as war criminals needed to come to power. Because Committee of Union and Progress was the target of a severe criticism, as it was seen as responsible for the bad course of the war. Thus, the Talat Pasha cabinet started the resignation process on 7 October 1918 and handed over the Grand Vizier's seal on 13 October. Sultan Vahideddin gave Ahmet İzzet Pasha the task of forming a new cabinet and asked him to initiate peace talks immediately. Although the cabinet of İzzet Pasha gained great prestige by signing the Armistice of Mudros with the allies, it was subjected to harsh criticism because he allowed some former members of the Committee of Union and Progress to take office in the cabinet. Criticisms and the pressure of Sultan Vahideddin made the new cabinet unable to function. This situation caused Ahmet İzzet Pasha's cabinet to resign. This study deals with the process that led to the resignation of the Izzet Pasha cabinet in various ways. There seems to be many reasons that pushed the cabinet for resignation: the unwanted Unionists in the cabinet, the harsh criticism in the press on the escape of the Unionist leaders to abroad, and the influence of the British in the resignation were examined. In addition, the public reactions and Mustafa Kemal Pasha's attitude towards resignation were evaluated.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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