Abstract:

The main purpose of this article is to deal with literary synesthesia, which is an important element of Tevfik Fikret's style, with different dimensions in the context of synesthetic metaphors, based on his poems, and to reveal the poet's ways of using literary synesthesia as a literary synesthete in his poems, by identifying the purposes of using literary synesthesia. First of all, the types of synesthetic metaphors in his poems are determined. There are basically three different types of synesthetic metaphors: high synesthesia and low synesthesia (strong and weak synesthesia). Tevfik Fikret's poems are discussed in three different periods in order to follow the developmental course of literary synesthesia in his poems and to determine under which effects he started to use literary synesthesia in his poems. Synesthetic metaphors identified in three different types in all three periods are given under separate headings. By determining between which senses or which source and target senses literary synesthesia is directed towards, the general characteristics of this preference and its overlapping aspects with his poetry are explained in line with Ullman's hierarchy of senses. It is determined that Tevfik Fikret preferred to use the layered synesthesia method especially during the Rübâb-ı Şikeste period. This method is as a unique contribution to the field of literary synesthesia of literary synesthetes Tevfik Fikret and Servet-i Fünûn poet’s. Two types of layered synesthesia are identified in Fikret's poems: co-transference and indirect chain transfer. Tevfik Fikret's conscious use of literary synesthesia in his poems to create intense emotional effects is shown in the article by utilizing Tsur's literary synesthesia approach. The original contributions of Tevfik Fikret, a Servet-i Fünûn poet, to literary synesthesia and the important functions of literary synesthesia in the poet's poetry are identified. As a result, the general attitude of Tevfik Fikret as a literary synesthete and the characteristics of the literary synesthesia he used in his poems are revealed.