Özet:

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) mean overall survival (OS) of patients with extensive disease without treatment is 2-4 months. Chemotherapy is the main treatment in extensive disease. Radiotherapy is used for palliation of symptoms due to local or metastatic disease, while surgery for primary mass is rarely used. Case was presented with complaint of vomiting for 20 days, and an intracranial mass was detected in the brain imaging taken due to loss of strength in lower extremities. A 19x15 mm nodule was found in the lower lobe of the right lung. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed, and pathological evaluation of biopsy was reported as small cell lung carcinoma. Treatment was planned according to diagnosis of extensive small cell lung cancer. The patient immediately underwent palliative cranial radiotherapy due to the loss of strength in lower extremities. Subsequently, chemotherapy were started. SCLC is a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma with clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics that are distinct from those of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First-line treatment, although having serious toxicity risk, is also useful in patients with poor performance status compared to NSCLC. SCLC should be treated primarily with chemotherapy in extensive disease, and radiotherapy or surgery should be preferred for palliative treatment for distant organ metastases. It should be kept in mind that small nodules can also metastasize, and even if the disease is metastatic, local treatments can contribute to survival.

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