Abstract:

Sustainability in animal production is defined as meeting society’s current food needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their food needs. Poultry production is more environmentally friendly in comparison with other fields in animal production, however; its impacts on the environment such as greenhouse gases, eutrophication, and acidification should not be overlooked. In poultry production chain, feed production and transportation constitute 70% of global warming potential, whereas manure management constitutes 40-60% of eutrophication and acidification potential. Some feeding strategies are developed in sustainable poultry production to reduce the effects of feed production and nutrient excretion. Making compound feed by means of “Life Cycle Assessment” using alternative protein sources and using hydroponic farming models to reduce the impact of feed production enable environmentally friendly and sustainable production. The environmental impact of manure management can be improved by reducing the crude protein level of diets, adding crude fiber, regulating the digestive system and increasing nutrient digestibility. In this review, sustainability strategies in poultry nutrition; the relationship with effects of feed production, reduction of nutrient excretion and improved system will be discussed.

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