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Hem teorik hem de uygulamalı olarak ekonomik büyümenin kaynaklarını araştıran birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma da işgücü verimliliğinin, sermaye verimliliği ve toplam faktör verimliliğinin ekonomik büyümeye kaynaklık edip etmediğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1991-2014 döneminde, gelişmiş ülkeleri temsilen G7 üyesi Kanada, Almanya, Fransa, Birleşik Krallık, İtalya ve Japonya’ya ait veriler kullanılarak Panel Veri Analizi yapılmıştır. Bunu takiben, aynı dönemde, gelişmekte olan ülkeleri temsilen BRICS üyesi Brezilya, Hindistan, Rusya ve Güney Afrika ve MINT ülkeleri olarak anılan Meksika, Endonezya, Nijerya ve Türkiye’ye ait veriler kullanılarak ayrı bir Panel Veri Analizi yapılmıştır. Bu analizlerde bağımlı değişken olarak Gayrisafi Yurtiçi Hâsıla bağımsız değişkenler olarak ise ihracat, ithalat, işgücü verimliliği, sermaye verimliliği ve toplam faktör verimliliği kullanılmıştır. Ekonometrik testlerde elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gelişmiş ülkeler için yapılan regresyon, Sabit Etkiler Driscoll-Kraay Tahmincisiyle, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için yapılan regresyon, Tesadüfi Etkiler Arellano-Froot-Rogers Tahmincisiyle yapılmıştır. Analizlerde ulaşılan sonuçlara göre hem gelişmiş ülkelerde hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde işgücü verimliliği, sermaye verimliliği ve toplam faktör verimliliği ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif etkilemektedir.
There are many studies that both theoretically and practically explore the sources of economic growth. This study also aims to investigate whether labour efficiency, capital efficiency and overall factor efficiency lead to economic growth. For this purpose, in the period 1991-2014, Panel Data Analysis was conducted using data from Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy and Japan, representing developed countries. Following this, in the same period, a separate Panel Data Analysis was conducted using data from the BRICS member countries Brazil, India, Russia and South Africa and MINT countries referred to as Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey. In these analyses, the dependent variable was used to the domestic balance; as independent variables, exports, imports, labour efficiency, capital efficiency and overall factor efficiency. According to the results obtained in the econometric tests, the regression for developed countries, the fixed effects for Driscoll-Kraay forecast, the regression for developing countries, the random effects for Arellano-Froot-Rogers forecast. According to the results of the analysis, both in developed and developing countries, labour efficiency, capital efficiency and overall factor efficiency have a positive impact on economic growth.
There are many theoretical and applied studies which search the sources of economic growth. This study aims to investigate whether labor productivity, capital productivity and total factor productivity become the sources of economic growth. For this purpose, a Panel Data Analyses was performed by using the data of G7 members Canada, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy and Japan on behalf of developed countries for 1991-2014 period. After that, another Panel Data Analyses was performed by using the data of BRICS members Brazil, India, Russia and South Africa and MINT countries Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey on behalf of developing countries for the same period. In these analyses, gross domestic product was used as dependent variable and exports, imports, labor productivity, capital productivity and total factor productivity were used as independent variables. In accordance with the results of econometric tests, while Fixed Effects Driscoll-Kraay Estimator was used for the regression for developed countries, Random Effects Arellano-Froot-Rogers Estimator was used for the regression for developing countries. According to the results of the analyses, labor productivity, capital productivity and total factor productivity affect economic growth positively in both developed and developing countries.
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