Özet:

ABSTRACT Aim: In this study, it was aimed to provide early detection of women at risk by investigating the factors affecting postpartum depression, which is not a health problem experienced by the mother alone, but which concerns the society. Materials and Methods: All women who applied to the psychiatry clinic of a foundation university hospital on the European side of Istanbul between January 2015 and January 2020 formed the universe of this study, which was planned as a case-control analytic study. Women with a diagnosis of “postpartum depression (PPD)” made by the Psychiatry Clinic were determined as the case group. Women who were not diagnosed with PPD according to hospital medical records and declaration were determined as the control group. The control group was selected from the population in such a way that it was twice the number of women in the case group (108 persons) and the age of the women in the case group was similar to the order of children in which the women in the case group were diagnosed with PPD. Case and control groups were matched in order of age and child. In order to determine the factors affecting postpartum depression, questionnaire questions prepared by scanning the literature were asked to the individuals via telephone interview. Permission was obtained from the Bezmialem Vakıf University Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the data. Results: In our study, the mean age of the women in the case group was 41.9 ± 9.8 years, and the mean age of the women in the control group was 41.9 ± 9.7 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the case-control groups depending on the education level, occupation, income, smoking habit of the women, history of depression before pregnancy and education level of the spouses. A significant difference was found between the presence of psychological support in the family and PPD (p=0.035). The rate of PPD in mothers whose baby was born preterm, who gave birth by cesarean section, who had health problems during pregnancy and birth, who had health problems during the postpartum period, who did not breastfeed, who received support from someone while caring for her baby, who had low marital satisfaction during pregnancy, who had sadness due to the gender of the baby, was statistically found. was found significantly higher. When the factors affecting PPD were evaluated with logistic regression analysis, it was found that time of birth, mode of delivery, having problems in pregnancy and delivery, health problems of the baby and marital satisfaction during pregnancy did not affect the probability of experiencing PPD. It was seen that the probability of experiencing PPD increased 2.9 times by having people receiving mental support, especially with a family history of depression, 18.2 times by being sad because of the baby's gender, and breastfeeding 10.0 times and receiving support in infant care 5.0 times decreased this probability. Discussion and Conclusion: Women who have risk factors such as having psychological support in their family, being dissatisfied with the gender of their baby, having problems in breastfeeding, and not receiving support from their environment in baby care can be detected when they apply to health institutions during pregnancy and puerperium, and PPD can be prevented. For this reason, it is important for healthcare professionals to know about the risk factors of PPD.

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