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Dünya tarihi pek çok ülkede bir arada yaşayan azınlıkları kullanarak o ülkeyi ayırmayı; bu şekilde güçlü olmayı hedefleyen ülkelere sahne olmuştur. 1789 Fransız Devrimi sonrasında da özgürlük kavramı etnik gruplar arasında hızla yayılarak doğudan batıya Avrupa’da özümsenmeye başlamıştır. Mozaik bir yapı sergileyen Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda da batıda Makedon asıllı gayrimüslümler arasında özgürlük duygusu yayılmaya başlamıştır. Özgürlük yalnızca Osmanlı’da değil birçok ülkede kargaşaların çıkmasına sebep olmuştur ancak Osmanlı gibi çok-uluslu bir imparatorlukta en çok milliyetçilik akımı huzursuzluk yaratmıştır. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan önce, savaş sırasında ve savaştan sonra, birçok Avrupa ülkesi Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na karşı tavır almış; Osmanlı’nın bol kaynaklarını sömürmek ve İmparatorluğu kendi pazarlarına bağlamak amacıyla 1800’lü yılların sonunda çeşitli tedbirler almaya başlamışlardı. Bu amaçla Osmanlı’dan çeşitli reformlar isteyerek bir arada yaşayan azınlıkları tespit ediyorlardı. Yayılan milliyetçilik akımları ile azınlıkların özgürlüklerine kavuşması ve bu şekilde yeni ülkelerin pazara dâhil olması mümkün hale gelmekteydi. Bulgaristan, Sırbistan, Bosna-Hersek ve Karadağ’ın bağımsızlık talepleri Elveda Rumeli adında televizyon dizisi ile izleyicilere temsil edilirken öncelikle bir tarihi süreç anlatılmaktadır fakat hemen ardından Hıristiyan ve Müslüman çatışmasına gönderme yapılarak yıllar boyu devam etmiş olan bir çekişme işlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Elveda Rumeli adlı dizinin Türk milliyetçiliğinin ön plana çıkarılmasında ve Hıristiyan karşıtı kamuoyunun inşasında propaganda amaçlı olarak ne şekilde kullanıldığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır çünkü gerek tarihi arenada gerekse televizyon dizisinde farklı iki dine inanların arasında başlayan ve göç ile sonuçlanan gerçek bir olay anlatılmaktadır. Bu amaçla televizyon dizisi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden göstergebilim tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada eser, İsviçreli Dilbilimci Ferdinand de Saussure’ün Göstergeler Modeli ve Fransız dilbilimci Roland Barthes’ın göstergeler için kullandığı Yan Anlam / Düz Anlam Modeli kapsamında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, dizide gayrimüslim çetelerin katliam, barbarlık, yıkım, yangın gibi somut yıkıcı kavramlar ile bağdaştırıldığı bir tür nefret söylemi inşa edildiği ve sonucunda da Baklanlardaki ayrışmanın ve göçün yaşandığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
World history has been a scene for the countries that aim to be strong in this way, using the minorities living together in many countries. After the 1789 French Revolution, the concept of freedom began to spread rapidly among ethnic groups and began to be absorbed in Europe from east to west. In the Ottoman Empire, which shows a mosaic structure, the sense of freedom began to spread among Macedonian non-Muslims in the West. Freedom has caused confusion in many countries, not only in the Ottoman, but in a multinational empire like the Ottoman, the most nationalist stream has caused discomfort. Before the First World War, during the war and after the war, many European countries took attitude against the Ottoman Empire; they began to take various measures at the end of the 1800s in order to exploit the Ottoman rich resources and connect the Empire to their own markets. For this purpose, they identified the minorities living together with various reforms from the Ottoman. The spread nationality flows and the freedoms of the minorities were becoming possible, and in this way the new countries were incorporated into the market. Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Black Sea’s independence demands are represented to viewers with a television series called Elveda Rumeli, first of all a historic process is told, but immediately afterwards a conflict has been brought to the Christian and Muslim conflict, which has continued for years. In the framework of the study, the series Elveda Rumeli has been attempted to figure out how it was used for propaganda purposes in the building of the Turkish nationality and anti-Christian public because it is a real event that begins between the two different religions and ends with immigration in the television series. For this purpose, the television series has been studied using the indicative technique of the quality research methods. The work in the study was analyzed within the framework of the Indicator Model by Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure and the Side / Flat Meaning Model used by French linguist Roland Barthes for indicators. The findings found that in the series a kind of hate speech was built in which non-Muslim gangs were associated with concrete devastating concepts such as massacre, barbarism, destruction, fire, and resulted in separation and migration in the Baklan.
In the world arena there are many countries which are trying to separate the minorities who live together in order to be powerful. After the French Revolution of 1789, the concept of freedom spread rapidly among ethnic groups and began to be absorbed in Europe from east to west. In the Ottoman Empire, which displayed a mosaic structure, the feeling of freedom began to spread among Macedonian non-Muslims in the west. Freedom caused chaos not only in the Ottoman Empire but in many countries, however, in a multinational empire such as the Ottoman Empire, the current of nationalism caused the most unrest. Many European countries took a stand against the Ottoman Empire before the First World War, during and after the war; hence, they started taking various measures in the late 1800s in order to exploit the Ottoman's abundant resources and to connect the Empire to their markets. They demanded land reform in the east and in the west from the Ottoman Empire and identified the minorities living together. In this way, it was possible for the peoples to be freed and the new countries to be included in the market with the spread of nationalism movements. While describing the life of Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro in the last period of the Ottoman period and the first years of their independence with the television series called Farewell Rumelia, a historical process is first described, but a conflict that has continued for years by referring to the Christian and Muslim clashes is followed. In the scope of the study, it was tried to reveal how the TV series Farewell to Rumelia (Elveda Rumeli) was used for propaganda purposes in the foreground of Turkish nationalism and in the construction of the anti-Christian public because both in the historical arena and in the television series, a real event that started between believers of two different religions and ended with migration is described. For this purpose, television series was analyzed by using semiotics technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. In the findings obtained, it was revealed that a kind of hate speech was built in which non-Muslim gangs were associated with concrete destructive concepts such as massacre, barbarism, destruction, fire, and as a result, the separation and migration of the Balkans was experienced.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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