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Osmanlı Devleti döneminde vakıflar topluma geniş bir biçimde hizmet sunan sosyal kurumlardı. Toplumda vakıf kurma geleneği oldukça yaygındı. İslami anlayış ve vakıf geleneği çerçevesinde başta hükümdarlar, hanedan üyeleri, devlet adamları, saraylı kadınlar, çeşitli sosyal zümre üyeleri ve zenginler olmak üzere hemen her gruptan insan maddi gücü ölçüsünde vakıf kurardı. Merkez ve taşra idarecileri, görev yaptıkları yerlerde bölgenin ve halkın ihtiyacına yönelik vakıflar kurulmasına önem vermişti.
Osmanlı toplumunda ilmiye sınıfı şüphesiz devletin önemli sosyal gruplarından biriydi. Eğitim, din, yargı/adalet, fetva işleri ilgili sınıfın sorumluluğundaydı. Bu grubun içinde ve en üst makamında şeyhülislamlar yer alırdı. Şeyhülislamlar devlet katında hem İslam dinini hem de ilmiye zümresini temsil ederdi. Onlar, bahsedilen yönleriyle devlet ve toplum nezdinde saygın ve ayrıcalıklı idiler. 16. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında devletin önde gelen isimlerinden birisi ilmiye sınıfından Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi idi. O, müderrislik, padişah hocalığı ve şeyhülislamlık gibi önemli görevler yürütmüştü.
Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi, görevleri sırasına kazandığı mal ve mülklerin bir kısmını vakıf haline getirmiş, çeşitli hayır ve hizmet müesseseleri kurmuştur. Bu vakıfları belgeleyen vakfiye günümüzde arşivlerde mevcuttur. İşte bu makalenin amacı söz konusu vakfiye üzerinden Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi’nin kurduğu vakıfları, vakfa bağlı kurumları ve hizmet şartlarını tanıtmak ve değerlendirmektir. Araştırmanın veri tabanını vakıf belgeleri oluşturmuştur. Belgelerin incelenmesinde doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
At the time of the Ottoman State, the foundations were social institutions that provided a wide range of services to society. The tradition of establishing a foundation in society was quite common. In the framework of the Islamic understanding and foundation tradition, the foundation was established in the amount of human material power from almost every group, including rulers, members of the tribe, government men, palace women, members of various social gems and rich people. The center and the countryside managers were concerned with the establishment of foundations for the needs of the region and the people in their places of duty.
In the Ottoman society, science class was undoubtedly one of the major social groups of the state. Education, religion, justice, and fetva were the responsibilities of the class. In this group and at the top of the office were the shelters. The shaykhulisms represented both the Islamic religion and the assembly of sciences in the state. They were honoured and privileged in the State and in the society. In the second half of the 16th century, one of the leading names of the state was Hoca Sadeddin Lord from the scientist class. He carried out important tasks such as madrism, padişah teaching and sheikhulism.
The Lord has made some of the goods and possessions he has earned in order for his duties, and he has established various goods and services agencies. The foundation that documented these foundations is currently available in the archives. The purpose of this article is to promote and evaluate the foundations established by Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi, the foundations associated with the foundation and the conditions of service. The data base of the research was created by the Foundation documents. The method of document analysis was used in the examination of the documents.
During the Ottoman Empire, foundations were social institutions that provided a wide range of services to the society. The tradition of establishing foundations in the society was quite common. Within the framework of Islamic understanding and foundation tradition, people from almost every group, especially rulers, members of dynasties, statesmen, women of court, members of various social groups and the wealthy, would establish foundations to the extent of their financial strength. Central and provincial administrators gave importance to the establishment of foundations to meet the needs of the region and the people in the places where they served.
In Ottoman society, the ilmiye class was undoubtedly one of the important social groups of the state. Education, religion, judiciary/justice, fatwa affairs were the responsibility of the concerned class. The Shaykh al-Islams were in this group and its highest office. The Shaykh al-Islams represented both the religion of Islam and the ilmiye group in the state. They were respected and privileged in the eyes of the state and society with their mentioned aspects. One of the prominent figures in the state in the second half of the 16th century was Hodja Sadeddin Efendi from the ilmiye class. He carried out important duties such as professorship, sultan teacher and sheikh al-Islam in his own time.
Hodja Sadeddin Efendi converted some of the goods and properties he had earned during his duties into foundations and established various charitable and service institutions. Today, there is a waqfiyya documenting these foundations in the archives. The purpose of this article is to introduce and evaluate the foundations established by Hodja Sadeddin Efendi, the institutions affiliated to the foundation, and the terms of service, based on the waqfiyya in question. Foundation documents constituted the database of the research. Document analysis method was used in the examination of documents.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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