Özet:

Coronaviruses which are a large family of viruses  lead to upper-respiratory diseases in the especially respiratory system and enteric, hepatic and neurological systems with different severity in human as well as a wide variety of animals.  Coronaviruses involved in four genera, and beta-CoVs are the most important group and the most highly pathogenic viruses against humans such as Severe Acute Respiratory Disease (SARS) -CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is the third quite pathogenic human coronavirus, and can pass through animals to human or human to human due to capable of cross the species barrier into the human populations. Up to 2 July, 2020, coronavirus cases are 10,720,755 and deaths number are 517,005. Many variety mammalians groups such as pigs, cows, chicken, dogs, cats and human are harbor for CoVs. Among them, especially bats are very important for harbor and enhance the change of interspecies transmission of the viruses. According to SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, it is change to asymptomatic forms to respiratory failure and systemic manifestations such as sepsis, septic shock and multiple organ dysfunctions syndrome. For SARS-CoV-2 inactivation way is by lipid solvents including 75% of ether, 80% of ethanol, 75% of isopropanol, chlorine containing disinfectant, peroxyacetic acid, and chloroform except for chlorhexidine, alkaline (pH˃ 12) or acidic (pH ˂3) conditions, formalin and glutaraldehyde treatments. It is taken community measures against SAR-CoV-2 to control the spread of infection and diseases. To SARS CoV-2, there has been no vaccine and specific anti-viral drugs so far. Therefore, public health measures are considered as an effective tool for community. For this aim, hand hygiene, use of mask, hospital environment, droplet, airborne and contact precautions, institutional safeguard and standard measures should be used.

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