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HİCRÎ IV. VE V. ASIRDAKİ HALKU’L-KUR’ÂN TARTIŞMALARININ BEYHAKĪ’NİN (Ö. 458/1066) ESERLERİNE YANSIMASI
2023
Journal:  
Diyanet İlmî Dergi
Author:  
Abstract:

Halku’l-Kur’ân meselesi, İslâm düşünce tarihinin öne çıkan tartışma konularından biridir. Hicrî ikinci asırda bireysel olarak başlayan Kur’an’ın mahlûk olup olmadığı hakkındaki ihtilaflar, hicrî üçüncü asırda mihne döneminde Abbâsî Devleti’nin resmî politikası hâline gelerek zirveye ulaşmıştır. Aynı asrın ortalarına doğru halku’l-Kur’ân konusunda konuşmak yasaklanmış olsa da hicrî dördüncü ve beşinci asırlarda gündemde kalmaya devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmada Beyhakī’nin (ö. 458/1066) yaşadığı dönemdeki halku’l-Kur’ân tartışmalarına işaret edilmiş ve konuya yer verdiği eserleri incelenip onun halku’l-Kur’ân’a yaklaşımı belirlenmiştir. Beyhakī, halku’l-Kur’ân meselesini ilâhî sıfatlarla ilişkili olarak ele almış ve Allah’ın ezelî bir kelâm sıfatı olduğunu kabul etmiştir. Kur’an’ın mahlûk olmadığı görüşünde olan Beyhakī, çoğunluğun benimsediği gibi Kur’an’ı okuma, yazma, ezberleme vb. insan fiillerinin yaratılmış olduğunu belirtmiştir. Ancak Beyhakī, mihne döneminde Kur’an’ı mahlûk olarak kabul ettiği için tenkid edilen râvîlerin naklettiği rivayetlere hadis kitaplarında yer vermiştir. Bu yaklaşım hem kelâm hem de hadisle ilgili birçok kitabında halku’l-Kur’ân meselesine değinen Beyhakī’nin mutedil bir yol takip ettiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords:

The Reflection Of The Discussions On The Createdness Of The Qur’ān In The Fourth and Fifth Hijrī Centuries On Al-bayhaqī’s (d. 458/1066) Works
2023
Author:  
Abstract:

The createdness of the Qur’ān (Khalq al-Qur’ān) has been one of the major topics of debate in the history of Islamic thought. The disputes about whether the Qur’an was created or not, which started individually in the second century of the Hijrah, reached its peak in the third century of the Hijrah during the Mihna period, becoming the official policy of the Abbasid State. Although it was forbidden to discuss the createdness of the Qur’ān during the middle of the same century, it continued to be on the agenda in the fourth and fifth centuries. In this study, the discussions on the createdness of the Qur’ān in the period when Bayhaqī (d. 458/1066) lived were pointed out, his related Works were examined, and his approach to the createdness of the Qur’ān was investigated. Bayhaqī addressed the issue of the createdness of the Qur’ān from the perspective of the divine attributes and accepted that Allah possesses the eternal attribute of kalām. Bayhaqī, who held the view that the Qur’ān was not created, stated that human actions such as reading, writing, and memorizing the Qurʾān were created, as the majority adopted. However, in his hadīth books, al-Bayhaqī cited the narrations conveyed by the narrators who were criticized in the mihna period as they considered the Qur’ān as a creature. Globally considered, al-Bayhaqī, addressed the createdness of the Qur’ān in many of his books on both kalām and hadīth and followed a moderate path on this issue.

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Diyanet İlmî Dergi

Field :   İlahiyat

Journal Type :   Ulusal

Metrics
Article : 441
Cite : 663
Diyanet İlmî Dergi