Özet:

3D models are required for design studies carried on in many sectors such as automotive, machinery, aeronautics and industrial design. 3D models frequently used in Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) applications are obtained by drawing with a Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Moreover, when it is desired to improve the design of an existing part or to make its computerized analyzes, it is necessary to transferred to the electronic environment. Today, 3D scanning methods are used especially in reverse engineering applications, patient-specific designs, cases that parts need to be redrawn and obtaining free-form models. The use of different 3D scanning methods, such as laser scanning and optical scanning, is increasing in scientific studies and industrial applications. In addition to these methods, the image-based 3D scanning method known as a low-cost photogrammetry method has started to be used in many different areas such as engineering, biomedical, forensic medicine and archeology. It is possible to carry out the digitization process with this method which basically needs a photographic machine and a computer software which allows the creation of the 3D model from the obtained images. During this process, some problems arise from the operator and external factors, and as a result, the scanned models cannot be digitized as desired. In this study, image-based 3D scanning process is explained in detail and two different approaches which can work manually and reduce errors caused by operator and external factors that may occur in the scanning process are discussed. In addition, image-based 3D scanning applications for both systems were carried out and merits and shortcomings of these systems were evaluated and compared the methods used in these systems with other scanning methods.

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