Özet:

This article examines the influences of the French social and political thought on the Ottoman-Turkish intellectuals by three principle traditions: Liberalism, Positivism and Solidarism. The Ottoman modernisation process that had mainly inaugurated by Sultan Mahmud II, was deeply inspired by the centralism and absolutism policies of the French monarch Louis XIV. In the following period, the Tanzimat reformers and Young Turk legitimists had shown a superficial concern on the seperation of powers, the main principle of the political liberalism that had argued by Baron de Montesquieu, to delimitate the absolute authority of the crown. Nevertheless they had to back that tendency down in a short time, facing the threaten of the seperatist movements against the empire. At the end of the Nineteenth-Century, the Young Turk sections were engaded to various factions of a more conservative social theory, Positivism, that not emphasized just the idea of Progress, but also Order. A critical and comprehensive version of that epistemological line, Emile Durkheim's solidarism, would be effective on the formal ideology of the Turkish Republic.

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