Özet:

This study aims to examine the relationships between natural resources, healthcare expenditures, economic growth, carbon emissions, and trade openness in E7 countries from 2000 to 2020. The findings indicate that natural resources in E7 countries contribute to an increase in healthcare expenditures, healthcare expenditures stimulate economic growth, carbon emissions affect healthcare expenditures, and healthcare expenditures influence trade openness. While natural resources increase healthcare expenditures in India and Turkey, in Mexico, natural resource income can shape the healthcare sector. In China, healthcare expenditures trigger economic growth, whereas in Brazil, Russia, and Turkey, economic growth increases healthcare expenditures. Healthcare expenditures promote economic growth in Indonesia and India. There is a relationship between healthcare expenditures and carbon emissions in Brazil and Mexico, while environmental factors increase healthcare expenditures in China and Russia. Trade openness increases healthcare expenditures in Brazil and Mexico; however, attention should be paid to service quality. These results suggest that countries need to effectively utilize natural resources, invest in the healthcare sector, strengthen environmental policies, and balance trade openness.

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