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Günümüzde, gelişen teknoloji ve artan nüfusla birlikte enerji talebi de hızla artmakta olup mevcut kaynakların bu talebi çok kısa bir süre daha karşılayabileceği bilimsel bir gerçektir. Ayrıca artan nüfus yoğunluğu ve enerji talebine bağlı olarak karbon salınımlarının artması, hava kirliliği ve iklim değişikliğine neden olmaktadır. Bu tür çevresel etkilerin yaşanmaması ve dünya genelinde sürekli artan enerji talebinin karşılanması adına çevreci ve temiz bir enerji kaynağı olan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı neredeyse bir zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle arazi ve çatı üzeri güneş enerji santrali kurulumları dünya genelinde hızla artmaktadır. Çatı üzeri güneş enerji santrali kurulumlarında çok önemli iki kıstas bulunmaktadır. Bunlar çatı statiği (yük taşıma kapasitesi) ve çatı izolasyonudur. Bu iki kıstas sağlanmadan çatı üzeri güneş enerji sistemi tesis edilmemelidir. Tesis edilecek güneş enerji santralinden kaynaklı çatıya gelecek ekstra yükler, yapılacak statik hesaplarla analiz edilmeli ve bu hesaplar sonucuna göre kurulum yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca çatı üzeri kurulum yapılmadan önce çatılarda izolasyon sorunu olup olmadığı kontrol edilmelidir. İzolasyon sorunu var ise bu durumun santral kurulumu öncesinde giderilmesi gerekmektedir. Hidayet Türkoğlu Spor Kompleksinde tesis edilen doğu-batı yönelimli güneş enerji santralinin tasarımı açıklanmıştır. Güneş enerji santrali tasarımı yapılırken kullanılan başlıca simülasyon programlarından bahsedilmiştir. Doğu-batı yönelimli güneş enerji santrali kurularak mevcut alanda güney yönelimli bir santrale göre birim alanda daha fazla güneş enerjisinden faydalanabilineceği simülasyon sonuçlarıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca aynı güçlerdeki güney yönelimli ve doğu-batı yönelimli santrallerin simülasyonları yapılarak üretim değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bunula birlikte 2016’da kurulan 169 kWp doğu-batı yönelimli mevcut güneş enerji santralinin veri kayıt ve izleme sisteminden alınan gerçek zamanlı üretim değerleri simülasyon sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Hidayet Türkoğlu Spor Kompleksi’nde tesis edilen 169 kWp kurulu güce sahip çatı üzeri doğu-batı yönelimli optimizerli güneş enerji santralinin 2016 yılındaki toplam maliyeti 850.00 TL+KDV ve elektrik birim fiyatı 0,43 TL/kWh’tir. Söz konusu fiyatlar baz alınarak yapılan maliyet analizine göre 169 kWp güneş enerji santralinin yatırım geri dönüş süresi 15,7 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Santralin kurulumundan bu yana günümüze kadar geçen sürede gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte sistemin yatırımının yarısından fazlasını oluşturan güneş panellerinin maliyeti dünya genelinde %30’a varan oranda düşüş yaşamıştır. Ancak güneş paneli fiyatlarında yaşanan bu düşüş son dönemde ülkemizde artan döviz kurlarından dolayı ciddi oranda hissedilememiştir. Söz konusu sistem günümüzde 750.000 TL+KDV güncel bedel ile kurulabilmektedir. Güncel maliyet ve güncel elektrik birim fiyatı 0,82 TL/kWh baz alınarak yapılan maliyet analizine göre söz konusu güneş enerji santralinin yatırım geri dönüş süresi 6,7 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bununla birlikte aynı sistem özelliklerine sahip ve aynı alanda kurulabilecek 110,5 kWp kurulu güçteki güney yönelimli güneş enerji sisteminin, 2020 yılına göre güncel maliyeti 515.000 TL+KDV’dir. Güncel sistem maliyeti ve elektrik birim fiyatı baz alınarak yapılan maliyet analizine göre söz konusu güneş enerji santralinin yatırım geri dönüş süresi 6,5 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. 2020 yılına göre 169 kWp kurulu güce sahip doğu-batı yönelimli bir güneş enerji sisteminin maliyeti 750.000 TL+KDV olurken 110,5 kWp kurulu güçteki güney yönelimli güneş enerji sisteminin maliyeti 515.000 TL+KDV olmaktadır. İlk yatırım aşamasında 169 kWp kurulu güce sahip doğu-batı yönelimli güneş enerji sistemi, 110,5 kWp kurulu güçteki güney yönelimli güneş enerji sistemine göre 235.000 TL+KDV daha fazla maliyetli olmaktadır. Doğu-batı yönelimli sistemlerin yatırım geri dönüş süreleri ekvatora yakın bölgelerde daha kısa olmaktadır.
Today, with the advancing technology and the growing population, the demand for energy is also rapidly increasing, and it is a scientific fact that existing resources can meet this demand in a very short time. Also, due to the increased population intensity and energy demand, increased carbon emissions lead to air pollution and climate change. The use of renewable energy sources, which are an environmental and clean source of energy, has almost become a necessity for the absence of such environmental impacts and for the fulfilment of the constantly increasing energy demand worldwide. Therefore, the installation of solar power plants on the ground and roof is rapidly increasing throughout the world. There are two very important stages on the roof in the installation of solar power plants. These are the roof statique (weight transportation capacity) and roof isolation. These two shorts should not be installed on the roof of the solar energy system. Additional loads coming to the roof from the solar power plant to be installed must be analyzed by static accounts and installed according to the results of these accounts. Also, it is necessary to check if there is a problem with isolation on the roof before installation is done. If there is a problem with isolation, this situation must be resolved before the plant is installed. The design of the east-west-oriented solar power plant installed in the Hidayet Turkoğlu Sports Complex has been explained. The main simulation programs used during the design of the solar power plant have been mentioned. The establishment of an east-west-oriented solar power plant in the current area has been demonstrated with the simulation results that more solar energy can be used in the unit area than a south-oriented solar power plant in the current area. Production values have also been compared by simulations of south- and east-west-oriented power plants in the same forces. However, the real-time production values obtained from the data recording and monitoring system of the existing east-west-oriented solar power plant of 169 kWp established in 2016 were compared with the simulation results. The total cost of the east-west-oriented optimized solar power plant over the roof with 169 kWp installed in the Hidayet Turkoğlu Sports Complex in 2016 is 850.00 TL+KDV and the electric unit price is 0.43 TL/kWh. Based on the prices, the cost analysis of 169 kWp solar power plant’s investment return time is estimated to be 15.7 years. Together with the technology that has evolved since the installation to the present day, the cost of solar panels, which make up more than half of the system’s investment, has been reduced by up to 30% worldwide. However, this decline in the solar panels prices has not been felt seriously in recent period due to the increased currency rates in our country. This system can be installed at 750,000 TL + KDV at the current price. The current cost and current electricity unit price are based on 0.82 TL/kWh, according to the cost analysis, the investment return period of the solar power plant is estimated to be 6.7 years. However, with the same system characteristics and 110,5 kWp installed power in the same area, the current cost compared to 2020 is 515,000 TL + VAT. According to the current system cost and cost analysis based on the electricity unit price, the investment return time of the solar power plant is estimated to be 6.5 years. According to 2020, the cost of an east-west-oriented solar energy system with a power of 169 kWp is 750,000 TL+KDV, while the cost of the south-oriented solar energy system with a power of 110,5 kWp is 515,000 TL+KDV. In the first investment phase, the east-west-oriented solar power system with an installed power of 169 kWp, compared to the south-oriented solar power system with an installed power of 110,5 kWp, 235. 1000 TL + KDV is more expensive. The investment return periods of east-west-oriented systems are shorter in the regions near the equator.
Today, with the developing technology and increasing population, the demand for energy is increasing rapidly and it is a scientific fact that the existing resources can meet this demand for a very short time. In addition, increasing carbon emissions due to increasing population density and energy demand cause air pollution and climate change. In order to avoid such environmental impacts and to meet the ever-increasing energy demand worldwide, the use of renewable energy sources, which is an environmentally friendly and clean energy source, has become almost a necessity. For this reason, on-site and rooftop solar power plant installations are increasing rapidly worldwide. There are two very important criteria in rooftop solar power plant installations. These are roof statics (load bearing capacity) and roof insulation. Without these two criteria, the solar energy system on the roof should not be installed. Extra loads on the roof originating from the solar power plant to be installed should be analyzed with static calculations to be made and installation should be made according to the results of these calculations. Also, before installing on the roof, it should be checked whether there is an insulation problem on the roofs. If there is an isolation problem, this should be resolved before the installation of the exchange. The design of the east-west oriented solar power plant established in Hidayet Türkoğlu Sports Complex is explained. The main simulation programs used while designing the solar power plant are mentioned. It was revealed by simulation results that an east-west oriented solar power plant was established and that more solar energy could be utilized in the unit area compared to a southern oriented power plant in the current area. In addition, the production values of the south-oriented and east-west oriented power plants with the same powers have been simulated and compared. However, real-time production values obtained from the data recording and monitoring system of the existing 169 kWp east-west oriented solar power plant established in 2016 were compared with the simulation results. The total cost of the solar power plant with an east-west oriented optimizer on the roof with an installed capacity of 169 kWp installed in Hidayet Türkoğlu Sports Complex in 2016 is 850.00 TL + VAT and the unit price of electricity is 0.43 TL / kWh. According to the cost analysis based on the said prices, the investment return period of the 169 kWp solar power plant was calculated as 15.7 years. The cost of solar panels, which constitute more than half of the investment of the system with the developing technology since the establishment of the plant, has decreased by up to 30% worldwide. However, this decrease in solar panel prices has not been felt significantly due to the increasing exchange rates in our country in the recent period. The system in question can now be established with the current price of 750,000 TL + VAT. According to the cost analysis based on the current cost and the current electricity unit price of 0.82 TL / kWh, the investment return period of the said solar power plant was calculated as 6.7 years. However, the current cost of the southern oriented solar energy system with the same system features and an installed power of 110.5 kWp that can be installed in the same area is 515,000 TL + VAT compared to 2020. According to the cost analysis made based on the current system cost and the electricity unit price, the investment return period of the said solar power plant was calculated as 6.5 years. Compared to 2020, the cost of an east-west oriented solar power system with an installed power of 169 kWp is 750.000 TL + VAT, while the cost of a southern oriented solar power system with an installed power of 110.5 kWp is 515.000 TL + VAT. In the initial investment phase, the east-west oriented solar energy system with 169 kWp installed power is 235.000 TL + VAT more cost compared to the south-oriented solar energy system with 110.5 kWp installed power. Investment return periods of east-west oriented systems are shorter in regions close to equator.
Alan : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Mühendislik
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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