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Sosyal Bilgiler öğretimi alanında meydana gelen birtakım değişimler beraberinde yeni öğretim yöntem ve tekniklerinin de gündeme gelmesini sağlamıştır. Bu yöntemler arasında yer alan yerel tarih, öğrencilerin değişim ve süreklilik kavramları çerçevesinde geçmiş ve günümüz arasında bağlantı kurmalarını sağlayan bir yöntem olarak Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programı’nda daha fazla yer bulmaya başlamıştır. Yerel tarih öğretim yönteminin programda yer almasına rağmen uygulamada sınırlı kaldığı ve müze/tarihi mekân gezilerinden çok da öteye gidemediği görülmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, Sosyal Bilgiler dersinde yerel tarih öğretim yönteminin nasıl uygulanabileceğini, bu yöntemin öğrencilerin gelişimlerine katkısını ve bu süreçte yaşanılan sorunları saptamak olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışma olup eylem araştırması olarak modellenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu özel bir ortaokulun 6. sınıfında eğitim görmekte olan 22 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın uygulaması 11 haftalık zaman diliminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı ve öğrenci günlükleri ve öğrenci proje ödevleri kullanılmıştır. Öğrenci proje değerlendirme açık uçlu anketinden elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Öğrenci proje ödevleri ise araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan “Yerel Tarih Proje Değerlendirme Rubriği” kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. “Küçük Tarihçiler Günümüzdeki Geçmişin İzini Sürüyor: Bir Yerel Tarih Projesi” adıyla hayata geçirilen proje sürecinde verilen yerel tarih eğitiminin ardından öğrencilere birer küçük tarihçi rolü verilmiştir. Tarihi Hacı Bekir Lokumcusu (1777-Bahçekapı), Pandeli Restoran (1901-Eminönü), Kanaat Lokantası (1933-Üsküdar), Bitlis Yöresel Yemekleri, Makedon Türkleri Geleneksel Kıyafetleri, Elmalı Konak (Antalya-Elmalı’da Boyralar Köyü) öğrencilerin yerel tarih projesi kapsamında incelediği konulardan bazılarıdır. Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin araştırma öncesindeki tarih ve yerel tarih kavramına ilişkin algılarında araştırma sonrasında görece değişikliğin meydana geldiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Öğrencilerin gerçekleştirdikleri yerel tarih projelerinin başarı oranı ise % 81 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırma bulguları sonucunda öğrencilerin yerel tarih proje süresince çeşitli zorluklar yaşadıkları, bununla birlikte yerel tarih öğretim yönteminin öğrencilerin akademik, kişisel, sosyal gelişimlerine olumlu katkısı olduğu öğrenci, veli ve araştırmacı görüşleriyle belirlenmiştir.
A number of changes in the field of social knowledge have led to the introduction of new teaching methods and techniques. The local history included among these methods has begun to find more place in the Social Information Teaching Program as a method that allows students to connect between the past and today in the framework of the concepts of change and continuity. Although the local history teaching method is included in the program, it appears that it is limited in the application and does not go far beyond the museums/historic places. The purpose of the research is to determine how the local history teaching method can be applied in the Social Information course, how this method contributes to the development of students and the problems that are experienced in this process. The research is a quality study and is modeled as an action research. The study group consists of 22 students who are studying in a private secondary school’s 6th class. The study was conducted within 11 weeks. In the study, researchers and student journal and student project tasks were used as a data collection tool. The data obtained from the open-end survey of the student’s project evaluation was analyzed by content analysis. The student’s project tasks have been evaluated using the “Local History Project Assessment Rubric” prepared by the researcher. After the local history training given in the project process under the name "Little Historians Ride the Permission of Today: A Local History Project", students were given a small historical role. Historic Hacı Bekir Lokumcusu (1777-Bahçekapı), Pandeli Restaurant (1901-Eminönü), Kanaat Restaurant (1933-Üsküdar), Bitlis Local Foods, Macedonian Turkish Traditional Clothes, Apples Konak (The Village of Boyras in Antalya-Elmalı) are some of the topics that students study within the framework of the local history project. As a result, the perceptions of students about the concept of history and local history prior to the study showed that a relative change occurred after the study. The success rate of the local history projects that students conducted was 81% . The research findings have determined that students experience a variety of challenges during the course of the local history project, but the local history teaching method has a positive contribution to the academic, personal, social development of students.
Certain changes in Social Studies education have brought along new methods of instruction and new teaching techniques. Together with these changes, in accordance with the new Social Studies teaching approach, a variety of methods that enable students to actively engage in learning have come into prominence. As one of these methods, local history has gained wider acceptance in the Social Studies Curriculum as a method that provides an opportunity for students to establish a connection between the past and the present within the framework of the concepts of change and continuity. It has been observed that despite being in the curriculum, local history has been limited in application and could not go beyond field trips to museums or historical places. The purpose of this study is to show how the local history teaching method can be applied in Social Studies lessons, to identify the benefits of this method in learning and to determine the problems faced during this process. This hereby is a qualitative research and has been modeled as action research. The working group comprises of 22 students that study in the 6th grade of a private middle school. The research was conducted in an 11-week period. During this study, researcher and student journals, student projects, student project evaluation questionnaires have been used in order to collect data. Student project evaluation questionnaires were analyzed through content analysis. Data collected from researcher and student journals were analyzed through descriptive analysis. Student projects were evaluated through a ‘Local History Project Assessment Rubric’ that was prepared by the researcher. Following a local history education that came into being under the title “Little Historians Trace the Past in the Present: A Local History Project,” students have adopted roles as little historians and completed the phases that comprised of steps such as determining a subject, making research, conduction verbal history interviews, preparing reports and exhibition. Historical Turkish Delight Manufacturer Haji Bekir (Bahçekapı, 1777), Pandeli Restaurant (Eminönü, 1901), Kanaat Restaurant (Üsküdar, 1933), local Bitlis dishes, the traditional clothes of Macedonian Turks, Elmalı Konak (Boyralar Village, Elmalı, Antalya), are some of the issues which students researched in the local history project. In conclusion, students’ perception of history and local history before and after the research has shown a relative difference. It was found that the students have achieved a success rate of 81% in the local history projects that they have conducted. The research findings show that the students have encountered various problems during the local history project, yet the local history teaching method has contributed positively to the academic, personal and social development of students as reported by the students, parents and the researcher.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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